Thursday, December 26, 2019

Alcohol and Women - 2798 Words

Running head: ALCOHOL AND WOMEN Alcohol and Women Alcohol and Women Throughout history, discussions of and concern about women s drinking have commonly been characterized by distortion, myth, prejudice and stereotyping. Until relatively recently, many studies were male-oriented, and excluded women. Other studies included both genders but often failed to examine possible gender differences in alcohol consumption, alcohol-related behaviours and experiences. The issue, in this context, is what the evidence really shows in relation to drinking and its consequences among women. There is now an impressive body of evidence related to alcohol consumption by women. In spite of this, some issues remain controversial and some of the†¦show more content†¦Lo found that women were less likely than men to be arrested and convicted for driving under the influence (DUI). However, Lo notes that this topic is under-researched, in that most studies of women s drinking and driving have looked only at those arrested and convicted for DUI; such s amples do not necessarily represent the entire pool of women who drink and drive. Moreover, additional research indicates that women represent an increasing proportion of drivers in alcohol -related crashes, despite the fact that absolute numbers of alcohol -involved crashes are still much greater among men (Grant, M. and Litvak, J, 1998). Women s alcohol -related problems differ from men s Women experience different alcohol problems than men. Reporting on findings from her earlier work, Grant, M. and Litvak, J.(1998) found that older alcoholic women were more likely than older alcoholic men to have a family history of alcohol abuse; have a spouse who drinks heavily; feel miserable, lonely, or depressed while drinking; and use prescribed psychoactive medications. Findings from this relatively small study (83 men, 41 women) have been corroborated by other research. For example, in her extensive review of the literature, Wilsnack (1996) also uncovered a strong association between women s drinking and alcohol use by an intimateShow MoreRelatedEssay on Women: Alcohol Addiction 2170 Words   |  9 Pages The alcoholic beverage has remained an established element to society’s social world and has grown into a way of living. As alcohol continues to flourish in its prevalence among citizens of the United States, so d oes the concept of alcohol addiction. A person becomes addicted to alcohol when they â€Å"drink excessively and develops a dependence that results in noticeable mental disturbance, or an interference with bodily and mental health, their interpersonal relations, and their smooth social andRead MoreEffects Of Alcohol On Women s Drinking895 Words   |  4 Pages Alcohol is very popular amongst all ages of women whether they drink before or after 21 years old or. Women are seen as vulnerable and weak, which is a typical stereotype society defines. A reason why women may drink is indefinite. There is not an exact reason why women drink, but there are many reasons why may one drink. Reasons may consist of positivity and/ or negativity for alcohol; however, there are many negative effects on women. Women drink in order to have fun and get loose, or if theyRead MorePrevention of Alcohol Abuse Among Pregnant Women1306 Words   |  5 PagesPrevention of Alcohol abuse among pregnant women Introduction The drug abuse menace has been indicated to be one of the leading factors that negatively affect people at whatever stage of life right from the fetus stage to the fully grown baby and the adulthood. Of greater interest in this case is the persistent and ever increasing abuse of alcohol among other substances among pregnant women and teenagers in particular. There are repercussions that come with the alcohol abuse and there is thereforeRead MoreThe Effects Of Drugs And Alcohol On Pregnant Women And Babies Essay2009 Words   |  9 PagesThe Effects of Drugs and Alcohol on Pregnant Women and Babies When hearing about babies born addicted to drugs or babies born after being previously exposed to alcohol, most people are appalled and slightly outraged. Pregnant women who are exposed to drugs and alcohol are risking the welfare of their unborn child because most everything the mother puts in her body gets passed on to the baby either by passing through the placental barrier or the umbilical cord. Drugs are considered any substanceRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Women And Alcohol A Highland Maya Town 1748 Words   |  7 PagesThe book â€Å"Women and Alcohol in a Highland Maya Town† is a thorough analysis of Chiristine Eber in describing the culture, gender issues, and the drinking alcohol tradition of the Pedranos people living in a highland Chipas community. She mainly aims her discussion toward women in their relationship with men and their daily tasks including nurturing children and working. Eber also represents an in-depth analysis in the drinking tradition of th e Pedranos and the religious fiesta. Eber presents herRead MoreStudy Analysis: Memory Associations Between Negative Emotions and Alcohol on the Lexical Decision Task Predict Alcohol Use in Women771 Words   |  3 PagesAccelerated Learning Memory associations between negative emotions and alcohol on the lexical decision task predict alcohol use in women (Campos-Melady, 2012) is a report of new research that studies the relationship of negative reinforcement and alcohol use in women. This study used the Lexical Decision Task (LDT) to examine the relationship with 78 female participants using alcohol and emotion words in a questionnaire. The introduction and abstracts examine previous research, their methodsRead MoreGender Roles in Christine Ebers Women and Alcohol in a Highland Mayan Town529 Words   |  3 PagesGender Roles in Christine Ebers Women and Alcohol in a Highland Mayan Town It is apparent from Christine Ebers research in her work, Women and Alcohol in a Highland Maya Town, that the gender roles and relations for men and women in the town of Chenalho have gone through somewhat dramatic changes since the 1960s and 1970s. They have gone from clearly defined roles for both men and women, to a more skewed framework that allows for a great deal of gray area. These roles have not only changedRead MoreHow to Prevent Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder1030 Words   |  5 Pages Alcohol is a major part of today’s society. Individuals are constantly being exposed to alcohol on a daily basis by simple commercials on the television or while driving on the highway seeing advertisements of billboards. Alcohol is a dependent substance for many people in society because not only is it a way to release one’s stress, but it is also associated to have a good time with. Attending a holiday party at a family member’s house or a party to celebrate a birth day, alcohol is always involvedRead MoreAlcohol Use For Disease Control And Prevention1446 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Alcohol Use in Pregnancy.† CDC. 17 April 2014. Web. 20 April 2016. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that there is no known safe amount of alcohol use during pregnancy or while trying to get pregnant. The article suggests that â€Å"women also should not drink alcohol if they are sexually active and do not use effective contraception (birth control). This is because a women might get pregnant and expose her baby to alcohol before the mother knows she is pregnant.Read MoreThe Prevalence Of The Abuse Of Alcohol Among The Female Population1460 Words   |  6 Pages The misuse of alcohol by the female population This assignment will discuss and evaluate the prevalence of the abuse of alcohol among the female population. It will show the reasons for this behaviour and assess the effects of the misuse on this group of people. Prevention and harm reduction will be evaluated and the philosophy and theory which forms the basis of treatments will also be analysed. Previously, it was the case that men were much more likely to abuse alcohol, as they were much

Wednesday, December 18, 2019

The Love Of My Life - 972 Words

-Part One- The love of my life ,this story made me think about my own life of many things I could relate too. Questioning my actions, leading up to my present life . I can definitely relate having three kids all out of wedlock moreover being reckless with love. Gentlemen promising me love, understanding and help when I too became pregnant. Sadly though, I did not receive what I was led on to believe I would get. When in actuality , they unlike Jeremy abandoned me. Though I cannot relate to China, as to what she had Jeremy do, I m assuming it was fear, that made Jeremy dispose of it and moreover listen to her. How could you even call a precious baby an it? We all make mistakes in life and maybe yes, she thought it was a mistake getting pregnant but you just don’t kill an innocent child. Moreover It did not want to come into this life however was brought into this world by two young people that should of used better precautions. My attitude, towards the piece of literature led me to think this was going to be another love story of high school sweethearts moving on with life, having both been accepted to different schools. Furthermore as I kept reading I just couldn’t fathom how both could be so reckless with another human life. Jeremy is portrayed as not even acknowledging this baby as a human seeing it as a waste, wasted time taken away from his future, maybe his future with China. Never the less I found theShow MoreRelatedLove Of Sports : My Love For My Life1089 Words   |  5 Pagesalways played a key role in my life. Whether I am watching basketball or baseball games on television, traveling to different NFL stadiums with my dad to root on our favorite teams on their home fields, or coaching gymnastics at the gym I spent most of my childhood in, I love every single aspect about sports. My little sister and I grew up doing gymnastics together. If we weren’t at the gym practicing, we were at home playing around on the gymnastics equipment that my parents had bought us. FromRead MoreThe Love Of My Life1083 Words   |  5 PagesWhy are teenagers falling in love in their age? Is there a specific reason? Probably, there is not a definite reason. â€Å"The love of my life’’ is the one very knowledgeable article for early age relationship peers that represent a real social problem in modern society. Jeremy and china are main character that represent teenager’s role in this article. They have an immature love in each other because they have the physical relationship by looking movie and behavior from parents, however; they don’tRead MoreThe Love Of My Life1316 Words   |  6 Pages I lay awake on a freezing winters night. It was as cold as an arctic snowstorm, and as dark as a planet with no sun. My eyes were open as wide as a deerâ €™s in front of a moving vehicle. There was one thing on my mind, and one thing only, the love of my life. Her long silky hair, her smooth, tanned skin, her pristine beauty and her effervescent, god like personality were all I ever desired; She was as sweet as a honeycomb and as unique as a sparkling snowflake in a vast blizzard. Our relationshipRead MoreThe Love Of My Life983 Words   |  4 Pagesthis is â€Å"The Love of My Life† by T.C. Boyle which illustrates the theme of weather and its connection to love. Weather always have some sort of connection with humans’ emotion regardless the person’s situation. In â€Å"The Love of My Life† the main characters Jeremy and China show their love through moments of certain weather. Explicit and dangerous weather make a perfect scene for love and cuddle. Jeremy and China get into a lot of emotion with the intense weather. In â€Å"The Love of My Life† T.C. BoyleRead MoreMy Love For Soccer, My True Love : My Life829 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the course of my life I have always been an athletic kid, I played various sports like tennis, swimming, boxing soccer and ballet. Out of these sports, which are all unique and amazing, Ive always been the most passionate for soccer. My parents saw my love for soccer and decided to take me out of all my other sports and allow me to focus on one; with their dedication as well as mine, I have become the player I am today. I have played soccer since I was about 5 years old until now, presentRead MoreThe Love of My Life Essay1493 Words   |  6 PagesLove conquers all. That’s what we hear over and over again growing up. Everyone longs for that one amazing person to waltz into our lives and steal our hearts for the rest of eternity, but is it possible that love will be strong enough to face any problem that gets in our way? T. Coraghessan Boyle once said â€Å"As strong as love might be, there is always something stronger that could come along and shatter it† (After). T. Coraghessan Boyle was born in 1948 as Thomas John Boyle in Peekskill, New YorkRead MoreMy Love Life Essay782 Words   |  4 Pageswas early in the morning; I was pulling myself together, throwing on my shoes and dragging my self over to galactica, making my way over to the last day of school. There I was saying goodbye to all of my friends, but this time it was a little different. There wasn’t that summer atmosphere in my heart, I was ten years old and everything I knew was just about to change and I didn’t even see it coming. Planet Blathnik was about to be my past, and I’d better buckle up cause I was about to board a trainRead MoreI Love My Life1967 Words   |  8 PagesPoole- I Love My Life Dora Poole PSY 202 CGA1149A Althea Artis Dora Poole- I Love My Life I have been through a lot in my forty eight years of life. Some of the experiences have been extremely positive and others leave much to be desired. The study of Adult development theories will allow me to analyze the past and help me to describe the journey my life has taken. The combined experiences have brought me to â€Å"Love my Life† today,Read MoreThe True Love Of My Life At The Time2022 Words   |  9 Pagesmajority of my free time is spent either watching or discussing television programs, and happily so. Many of my friendships have been formed after finding that the other person was a fan of shows I’d also enjoyed. This was not always the case, however. When I was very young, TV held little interest for me. Of course, I watched some of the standard children’s shows, but the true love of my life at the time was reading. According to my mother, I took it upon myself to teach myself to read after my teacherRead MoreThe Day That Changed My Life And Love Of Volleyball1529 Words   |  7 Pages Sunday February 28th, 2015. I remember that date, as if it happened yesterday. That was the day that changed my life and love of volleyball. This was the day I got severely injured during a volleyball tournament. The day had started and gone by painfully slow. Wherever I walked throughout North High School hallways you noticed volleyball bags, blankets, coolers, food and wrappers all stuffed into a small corner that a team redeemed as their spot. When I walked back into the muggy hot gym, I could

Monday, December 9, 2019

Wireless Communications Energy Harvesting â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Wireless Communications Energy Harvesting? Answer: Introducation Energy Harvesting is a process of deriving energy from external resources such as solar power, wind energy, kinetic energy and so on. High performance and energy efficient harvesting systems are being explored in order to overcome the limitation of energy associated with Wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The pervasive nature of wireless sensor network and its wide use in Internet of Things attracts a lot of attention. The successful implementation of various energy harvesting processes includes following a number of techniques such as RF, solar thermal and so on. combination wireless communication with sensing mainly regulates the growth of wireless sensor networks. Energy harvesting is necessary because, it is one of the primary problems faced by the WSNs. If the energy sensor node of WSN is depleted, it will not perform the its proper responsibility in network any longer, until and unless the source of the energy is replaced or some other energy harvesting process is incorporated in order to compensate for the void (Shaikh Zeadally, 2016). One of the most interesting concepts of energy harvesting is that, it allows the nodes of wireless devices to acquire energy continuously from mad made phenomenon or nature. One of the advantages of using energy harvest is that, it will ascertain a promising future in the field wireless networks on basis of self- sustainability and virtually perpetual operations. The techniques used in energy harvesting are anticipated to incorporate different changes of transformation in wireless networking and would possibly help in reducing the use of conventional energy (Ulukus et al., 2015). The energy source of wireless sensor nodes is generally a battery power. However, there are many problems associated with the batteries, which includes current leakages, battery break down and the limitation of the energy density of the batteries. Current leakage consumes electricity even if the battery is not in use. Therefore, the use of batteries as an energy source is of no use for wireless sensor nodes and applications that ranges from several months to years. Furthermore, in order to work uninterrupted, the sensor nodes requires an uninterrupted power supply, which the battery may not be able to supply and therefore, the need of energy harvesting is prominent in case of wireless sensor network. The different energy harvesting techniques are as follows (Shaikh Zeadally, 2016)- 1) Energy harvesting based on Radio Frequency - In this technique, the radio waves are converted into DC power and then harvested after conditioning. 2) Solar based energy harvesting- Solar energy is abundant in the environment, this can be used for impending the energy problems associated with Wireless sensor networks. 3) Thermal based Energy Harvesting- This process of harvesting deals with converting the heat energy into electrical energy by using Seebeck effect. 4) Flow based Energy Harvesting Technique- This techniques uses turbines and rotors for converting its rotational movement into electrical energy. 5) Wind based energy harvesting- In this technique, the wind energy is harvested to generate electricity. 6) Hydro based energy harvesting technique- in this technique, the energy of moving or falling water is used in order to harness energy. References Shaikh, F. K., Zeadally, S. (2016). Energy harvesting in wireless sensor marketing: A comprehensive review.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,55, 1041-1054. Ulukus, S., Yener, A., Erkip, E., Simeone, O., Zorzi, M., Grover, P., business-law, K. (2015). Energy harvesting wireless communications: A review of recent advances.IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,33(3), 360-381.

Monday, December 2, 2019

Why Children have Difficulty Learning to Read an Example by

Why Children have Difficulty Learning to Read Reading is an important part of our life and to many it seems to be a natural acquisition because the process has been very easy and successful. However, this is not so for many children and there are many reasons why some children are unable to read. These reasons could be the childs lack of exposure to books, is not being taught the basic phonetic skills or has a very low receptive level to phonics concepts or that the child might have some forms of speech, hearing or even learning problems such as dyslexia. Need essay sample on "Why Children have Difficulty Learning to Read" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Studies have shown that it is very important for a child to be exposed to books from a very young age, preferably from the time the child is born. Children who have bedtime or laptime activities conducted regularly and from an early age have been discovered to possess a higher level of vocabularies. Children who are not exposed to reading before they enter formal schools are found to be lacking in vocabularies, do not have syntactical and grammatical skills and are unable to relate the reading experience to their own prior experience. Such children will tend to lose out as reading is not a natural process, it has to be taught. So for those who have not been exposed to reading from young will eventually still face problems when they reach adulthood. The cycle of reading difficulties will continue because these parents will in turn not have the ability to teach their younger generation. As such, studies have found out that children from poor families or those who have parents who face reading disability or who have no time to read to their children will be lacking in reading skills. Young children need to be exposed to the sounds and thus to the phonetics of our language, so parents must make it a habit to read to them frequently. Parents can make use of teaching materials at home to teach young children how to differentiate the various letters and sounds. These activities will make the learning environment less stressful and more enjoyable. Children will be more willing to learn and the lessons can be more easily r etained their minds. In addition, children who can understand the sounds and meaning of the sounds will be stimulated to read more. Very often, children who are unable to understand the words cannot decode the meanings. After numerous attempts, they will feel exhausted and will eventually give up on learning to read effectively. When this happens, their academic studies will be affected as they cannot comprehend what is taught in the classroom. Therefore, early intervention to teach children how to read is very important. However, this gives rise to another problem as many school teachers are not competent in teaching these essential skills as they are not equipped with the necessary training and materials. Most of these reading teachers have to seek for workshops on their own to pick up such teaching reading skills. These children can only be properly equipped with the reading skills if the teachers are themselves given the proper training from the start before they start teaching. Such children will forever be stuck with the problem of having a low understanding level of the necessary phonic skills unless the parents and teachers are capable of teaching them. A final reason why children face reading difficulties is probably because they have certain speech or hearing difficulties or that they are dyslexia. Such children will need to consult the help of professionals who will be able to give parents the correct advice. For children who are dyslexia, they are not abnormal or have any leaning disability but it is just that they cannot tell the difference between sounds. They simply cannot recall how the sounds and letters are supposed to fit together and will probably take a longer time to learn to read. Some of these children have even been found to possess higher intelligence level than other children. In conclusion, there are many reasons why children have difficulty in learning to read but these problems can eventually be overcome if the parents and teachers are able to provide a conducive learning environment for the children. References G. Reid Lyon. (2000). Reading Disabilities: Why do some children have difficulty learning to read?. WGBH Educational Foundation. (2002). Misunderstood Minds. PBS Parents (2002 - 2007). A Primer on Dyslexia.l Why Children have Difficulty Learning to Read an Example by Why Children have Difficulty Learning to Read Reading is an important part of our life and to many it seems to be a natural acquisition because the process has been very easy and successful. However, this is not so for many children and there are many reasons why some children are unable to read. These reasons could be the childs lack of exposure to books, is not being taught the basic phonetic skills or has a very low receptive level to phonics concepts or that the child might have some forms of speech, hearing or even learning problems such as dyslexia. Need essay sample on "Why Children have Difficulty Learning to Read" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Studies have shown that it is very important for a child to be exposed to books from a very young age, preferably from the time the child is born. Children who have bedtime or laptime activities conducted regularly and from an early age have been discovered to possess a higher level of vocabularies. Children who are not exposed to reading before they enter formal schools are found to be lacking in vocabularies, do not have syntactical and grammatical skills and are unable to relate the reading experience to their own prior experience. Students Often Tell EssayLab writers: Who wants to write paper for me? It Is Very Easy And Convenient To Buy Essays Online Such children will tend to lose out as reading is not a natural process, it has to be taught. So for those who have not been exposed to reading from young will eventually still face problems when they reach adulthood. The cycle of reading difficulties will continue because these parents will in turn not have the ability to teach their younger generation. As such, studies have found out that children from poor families or those who have parents who face reading disability or who have no time to read to their children will be lacking in reading skills. Young children need to be exposed to the sounds and thus to the phonetics of our language, so parents must make it a habit to read to them frequently. Parents can make use of teaching materials at home to teach young children how to differentiate the various letters and sounds. These activities will make the learning environment less stressful and more enjoyable. Children will be more willing to learn and the lessons can be more easily r etained their minds. In addition, children who can understand the sounds and meaning of the sounds will be stimulated to read more. Very often, children who are unable to understand the words cannot decode the meanings. After numerous attempts, they will feel exhausted and will eventually give up on learning to read effectively. When this happens, their academic studies will be affected as they cannot comprehend what is taught in the classroom. Therefore, early intervention to teach children how to read is very important. However, this gives rise to another problem as many school teachers are not competent in teaching these essential skills as they are not equipped with the necessary training and materials. Most of these reading teachers have to seek for workshops on their own to pick up such teaching reading skills. These children can only be properly equipped with the reading skills if the teachers are themselves given the proper training from the start before they start teaching. Such children will forever be stuck with the problem of having a low understanding level of the necessary phonic skills unless the parents and teachers are capable of teaching them. A final reason why children face reading difficulties is probably because they have certain speech or hearing difficulties or that they are dyslexia. Such children will need to consult the help of professionals who will be able to give parents the correct advice. For children who are dyslexia, they are not abnormal or have any leaning disability but it is just that they cannot tell the difference between sounds. They simply cannot recall how the sounds and letters are supposed to fit together and will probably take a longer time to learn to read. Some of these children have even been found to possess higher intelligence level than other children. In conclusion, there are many reasons why children have difficulty in learning to read but these problems can eventually be overcome if the parents and teachers are able to provide a conducive learning environment for the children. References G. Reid Lyon. (2000). Reading Disabilities: Why do some children have difficulty learning to read?. WGBH Educational Foundation. (2002). Misunderstood Minds. PBS Parents (2002 - 2007). A Primer on Dyslexia.

Wednesday, November 27, 2019

The Ancient World essays

The Ancient World essays The art of expression can be traced back to early time periods in which simple cave men spat paint upon the walls. Some would argue that modern art is sometimes no better; however, this archaic art form allows us to get a glimpse into our ancestors. The first period that left us hints into their world was the Paleolithic Period which lasted about from about 40,000-8,000 BC. Cave drawings are characteristic of the Paleolithic Period, also known as the Old Stone Age. Drawings found in Lascaux, France show exaggerated bulls superimposed upon one another to show supposed depth perception. Simple sculptures are also found from the Paleolithic period. The objects found are usually pregnant women with enlarged breasts and thighs, which were perhaps used for their magical qualities to ease childbirth. The next period, called the Neolithic, or New Stone Age, lasted from about 8000-2300 BC. Starting in the New Stone Age, man started to change earth to accompany him, which is seen at t he famous Stonehenge. This megalithic sculptures are the earliest of architecture and show the mysticism and knowledge the ancients possessed, for the stones are arranged in astronomical positions. The earliest view of civilization is seen in ancient Mesopotamia. Before even the Egyptians, the Sumerians ruled the world. The Sumerians, whom lived between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, benefited richly from the irrigated fields they created. The Sumerians were the first to use writings and make large buildings. Their writing, called cuneiform, was used to records contracts and track money, since Mesopotamia was such a booming metropolis at the time. The Sumerians also penned down their religion which gives us insight into ancient beliefs. Their temples, large stepped pyramids called ziggurats were often made of brick and were used as alters many times. [Editors note: I just rebooted my computer from locking up after losing about 150 words,...

Saturday, November 23, 2019

Jake Drake Bully Buster Chapter Book About Bullying

Jake Drake Bully Buster Chapter Book About Bullying Jake Drake Bully Buster: Summary In Jake Drake Bully Buster, author Andrew Clements focuses on a problem too many kids have to cope with: bullies and bullying. What do you do if youre a bully-magnet? Thats Jakes problem in the chapter book Jake Drake Bully Buster. Fourth grader Jake Drake tells the story of how he went from being a bully-magnet starting in preschool to becoming a bully buster in second grade. Jakes experiences not only make an entertaining story for 7-10 year olds, they also provide a lot of food for thought. Why Jake Was a Bully-Magnet Jake begins his story with tales of all of the bullies who bullied him before second grade, starting when he was a 3-year-old and continuing through preschool, kindergarten and first grade. Jake figures he has these bully-magnet characteristics: Hes small but not so small that he doesnt represent a challenge, he doesn’t have an older brother or sister to defend him, he’s not the type to complain, and he looks â€Å"brainy.† Interestingly, these dont change as Jake goes from being a bully-magnet to a bully buster. Instead, Jakes experiences in second grade change him. Jake and the Grade A, SuperBully Jakes says he didn’t become a bully buster until second grade and then, only after â€Å"being picked on by a Certified, Grade A Super Bully.† Second grade starts out wonderfully. Jake likes his teacher, Mrs. Brattle. There are no bullies in his class, although he still has to watch out for bullies on the playground and in the lunchroom. However, when a new student, Link Baxter, whom Jakes quickly learns is â€Å"a Certified, Grade A Super Bully,† joins the class. Link continually picks on Jake at school and on the school bus. The first time it happens, Jake is so upset that when he gets home he bullies his little sister until his mother stops him, saying, â€Å"What’s gotten into you!?† Jake realizes that â€Å"It was Link. Link had gotten into me! I was being like Link. I had caught BULLYITIS!† When he apologizes to his little sister, she tell him that Link’s sister is in her class, and she is a bully like her brother. Jakes Attempts to End the Bullying Jake decides to try acting like Link’s bullying doesn’t bother him. When Link makes fun of him on the bus, Jake acts like it’s a joke. All day, Jake tries to act cook when Link bothers him, but this only makes Link bully him more. Finally, Link splashes water on Jake so it looks like Jake wet him pants and proceeds to mock him, â€Å"Wook, wook! Wittle Jakey had an accident!† Jake get very mad and can tell Link is pleased about that. Jake is so mad that he hits Link, who acts like he has a terrible injury. Link gets sent to the nurse’s office for ice and sympathy and Jake was sent to the principal’s office. Afterwards, when he and Link meet in the hallway, Jake asks Link why he bullies him and Link doesn’t have an answer. Jake decides, â€Å"†¦if I could figure out that reason – or if I could give him a reason NOT to be a bully – then Link Baxter, SuperBully, would become Link Baxter, Ex-SuperBully.† From Bad to Worse Leads to New Insights Things go from bad to worse when Jake’s teacher decides that everyone in the class has to work in pairs on a Thanksgiving project, and she assigns Jake and Link to work together. Their assignment is to do a project about how Native Americans lived. Jake is appalled, but Link thinks it’s funny and tells Jake that he’s going to have to do all the work. Jake prepares the report but keeps hoping Link will help so they have something to show the class. When the day before the project is due Link tells Jake to do that also, Jake is so mad that he refuses. Link tells him to come over to his house after school so they can make something. At Link’s house, Jake learns two surprising things about Link: Link is skilled at creating models and dioramas and his older sister bullies him. He also learns that when Link is involved in model making, it’s like he’s one of the kids instead of a SuperBully. In fact, according to Jake, â€Å"When he forgot I was there, he had a different face from his bully face, Not mean. Almost nice.† The visit to Link’s house gives Jake a lot to think about, but he’s still not sure how to make Link stop bullying him. Everything Changes With Jakes Good Choices Everything changes again when it is time for Jake and Link to give their project report. Jake finds out that Link has stage fright about doing the presentation. Rather than pay Link back for all Link has done to Jake by humiliating Link in front of his classmates, Jake covers for him. He tells Link he will give the report and Link can point out things in the diorama he made. Their project is a big success, but the best outcome is that Link no longer bullies Jake and Jake realizes that by getting to know the real person â€Å"behind those mean eyes and that bully-face,† he can be a bully buster rather than a bully-magnet. Throughout the book, Jake reacts to the bullying in different ways, not all of them appropriate. He quickly learns that bullying others, being mean, and hitting the bully are all not the responses he wants to, or should, make. As time passes and he learns more and more about the bully, Jake begins to make better decisions: standing up to Link and refusing to finish the project by himself, covering for Link when it’s time for their presentation and acknowledging Link’s model-building skills in front of the class. Its the fact that Jake is essentially a good kid who is willing to take the time and thought to look beyond the bully-face to the person within that enables him to become a bully buster. Jake Drake Bully Buster: Guide Recommendation I recommend Jake Drake Bully Buster for independent readers in grades 2-4. It is also an excellent classroom or family read aloud. At under 90 pages, it is a quick and enjoyable read, but it also has some substance and can easily and effectively be used as a bullying discussion prompt. The Jake Drake series includes a total of four books about the fourth graders experiences st school, and I recommend them all. (Atheneum Books for Young Readers, Simon Schuster, 2007 reprint edition. ISBN: 9781416939337) Additional Resources About Bullies and Bullying From About.com Dr. Vincent Iannelli, the About.com Pediatrics Expert, provides statistics about bullying and some of the signs of bullying parents should look for in his article Bullying and Bullies. For information about cyberbullying, see A Parents Guide to Cyberbullying. For picture books about bullies and bullying, see my reviews of Each Kindness, Oliver Button Is a Sissy and The Bully Blockers Club. For a list of books about bullying for older kids, see Bullies and Bullying in Books for Kids to Teens.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Introduction of the role of CSR in oil industry , focusing on British Term Paper

Introduction of the role of CSR in oil industry , focusing on British petroleum - Term Paper Example Oil firms generate a lot of controversy through environmental damage, and therefore, CSR is one of the key approaches to managing negative perceptions of oil firms and the oil industry. British petroleum firms have accepted that the public views them with suspicion and scepticism, so the best way to change this is to use CSR. British petroleum firms like Royal Dutch Shell and British Petroleum PLC have managed to significantly enhance their brand image by sponsoring community programs and actively participating in community benefit activities. According to Frynas (2009:34), the two companies spend a significant share of their profits on improving lives in communities across the world. They have especially been active in academics, providing annual scholarships to bright and needy students who are often hired by the companies later. These are just some of the CSR activities a select few of British petroleum firms engage in. So far, results show that efforts are effective, helping to cultivate trust and good perception of the

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

Persuasive Paper Research Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Persuasive - Research Paper Example s that the policy and rules regarding treating a young offender as an adult should be revived and, besides some public defender offices have launched and started a few novel programs too, likewise the advantages that are woven with this agenda are not only economical or equitable, but ethical/ moral and environmental. Initiating with the solution, the Bureau of Justice Assistance has posted suggestions for the designing and implementation of these new programs. All these various programs are driven to conceal the children who have, intentionally or unintentionally, committed felony from facing the prosecution in an adult court. This however, does not at all means that the young offender will be rescued from their act, but to deal with it in a way a juvenile should be dealt with, rather than imposing them on an intimidating and a daunting environment of an adult court. In addition to tis, the chief thing among all this execution of programs is that children be assist by the multidisciplinary personnel of which the attorney is one associate, and that the corresponding personnel will speak on behalf of the child from the beginning to the end (Allard & Young et al. 2002). Nonetheless, establishing programs to produce representative of the child is not enough; instead the history of the child and his life and circumstances surrounding him at the time of crime should be extensively analyzed. If and when the examination of the violation and the juvenile will be done, information that can help solves the case easily without taking it to the adult court (Allard & Young et al 2002). For instance, a fifteen year old had been sexually as well as physically abused in the house by his step-father and later during the time of act by the step-father and in order to save himself, the child kills him. Here, taking the child to be prosecuted in an adult court without examining his history and the circumstance during the time of killing can have a very adverse effect on the child,

Sunday, November 17, 2019

Acids, Bases, and Neutrals Essay Example for Free

Acids, Bases, and Neutrals Essay Experiment Acids, Bases, and Neutrals Problem Are common house-hold products pH balanced and neutral? Information Gathered pH measures how acidic or alkaline a solution is. The pH scale ranges from 0-14. Solutions that range from 0-6 are considered to be acidic. Solutions that are on the acidic end of the scale are low in pH, high in hydrogen ion, and low in hydroxyl ions. An acid has a sour taste, hence, will react to metal and will be corrosive; therefore, they are considered as an electrolyte because it conducts an electrical charge. Such examples of acids that are hydrochloric acid, citric acid and vinegar. Solutions that are bases on the pH scale range from 8-14. Bases are high in pH, low in hydrogen ion and high in hydroxyl ion. Bases have a bitter taste and a slippery feel. Bases dissolve in water and are also an electrolyte. Examples of bases are sodium hydroxide and cleaning products. Solutions that are neutral have an equal amount of hydrogen ion and hydroxyl ion. An example of this is blood. Solutions that are neutral on the pH scale range are 7. Hypothesis It has been estimated that out of the first ten products, that five of them would be bases, three would be acids, and two would be neutral. It was also estimated that out of the last ten products, that nine of them would be acids and one would be a base. There was an estimation of twenty products.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

The Foolish Mr. Keating of Dead Poets Society :: Dead Poets Society Essays

The Foolish Mr. Keating of Dead Poet's Society The Dead Poet's Society raises an interesting question: When educating teen-agers, is it better to use the school's policy of Tradition, Honor, Discipline, and Excellence or Mr. Keating's philosophy of carpe diam (seize the day)? Mr. Keating believed that people should "suck the marrow out of life" and live like a free thinking person even at the young age of seventeen. Centuries of teaching experience prove Mr. Keating is wrong and that tradition and discipline are the correct methods of educating. Our fledgling nation of only 200 years is a mental midget in this world. Why is it that we are 17th in the world in education. Is it that we are stupid? No, it is that we have diverged from the old world teaching methods of Europe and Asia. Japan is third is the world in education. The reason is simple. Although they manufacture most of the world's calculators, not one is used in the classroom. One really begins to understand math when taught by route memorization and physical punishment for incorrect answers. Anyone who has been "rapped on the knuckles" by a nun with a ruler can attest to this fact. The one thing that a student needs in life is structure. Without this, he or she cannot function in a school environment. When a bell rings, you must go to class. When a teacher assigns homework, you do it. No questions asked. No individual thought. The only marrow that should be sucked out of a students life is that of education. That, after all, is why they are in school. To learn and no other reason. In the end, it should be noted that although Mr. Keating's teaching philosophy was debunked, he made one good point.

Tuesday, November 12, 2019

Mexican Drug Cartels

The drug cartels are lucrative, they are violent, and they are operated with stunning planning and precision. † -Attorney General Eric Holder The Mexican cartels have been able to slide under the radar for quite some time now and are finally beginning to get the attention they deserve. But is this too late? Have they already done too much damage to their country and their people where emerging out of this horrific phase is even possible? This could be the case if no immediate action is taken. In order for this two happen two things must occur.The first is an immediate solution to the reoccurring violence and corruption within and outside of the Mexican borders. The second is a long-term solution must be made therefore preventing any sort of international dominance like this to happen again. Some solutions that need to be made in the immediate future are an increase in border security and heightened sense of awareness for smugglers not only from Mexico but into it as well, a str icter regulation on the selling of United States firearms, and. In terms of for the long run, there must be a greater relationship between theUnited States and Mexico not only toward the security issues but also toward the political ones. The Mexican government must implement reform in places like education, training of officers, and policies to help build a better democracy, and finally there must be a constant and sustained effort to cut off all supply lines of money and weapons to the cartels. The origins of the cartels can be traced back to the Columbian Cali and Medellin mega-cartels who were responsible for the majority or drugs coming into the United States. Fortunately in the 1990's the Columbia drug cartels were able to be uppressed and eventually extinguished (Kindt).However the positive efforts in Columbia created negative ones in Mexico. With no one fully controlling the drug supply to the United States anymore the battle for dominance began. After dissolving most of the drug routes through Miami and the Caribbean the only other option left was Mexico (Kindt). While this shift of power was taking place within the cartels, the Mexican government was also facing a shift in democratic power with the emergence of the Institutional Revolutionary Party (PR'). It began its rule in 1929 and had total dominance over the political world in Mexico.The PRI was able to subdue all other voices and elect officers that had the party members best interest in mind. This normally would work however the members of PRI were usually corrupt and therefore it wasn't long before the newly formed Mexican drug cartels and the PRI linked up. The PRI was notorious already for suppressing voices of people who did not agree, granting monopolies, and paying off labor leaders (O'Neil). It wasn't until the 1980's and into the 90's where the violence started to occur. The I began to loose its power and there was an every-growing struggle tor power.In 000 the ties to the PRI was offi cially broken with the election of Vicente Fox as president. This however created even more corruption with the number of local authorities being paid off which in turn forced disorganization between leaders at the local, state, and national levels. Now that the cartels were beginning to be met with resistance they started to become more violent and militarized. Among the most feared were The Zetas, member of the Gulf cartel, who were alleged to be former members of the elite Mexican army unit (Weinberg).With this new floodgate opened for Mexican drug trade multiple cartels began to ome onto the scene, which caused inter-cartel violence as well. The United States finally had to intervene during a struggle between the Tijuana and Sinaloa cartels ending in the assassination of a catholic archbishop and the favored presidential candidate. The United States began to strengthen border controls and began to revive security collaborations with Mexico (O'Neil). However this was short lived and the cartels were able to once again establish control of border crossings and continue smuggling.In 2005 the reality of the situation in Mexico was finally brought to the attention of he American people. The kingpin of the Gulf cartel, Osiel Cardenas, was arrested. The gulf cartel controlled the largest border crossing between Mexico and the United States, El Paso. This in turn caused the other two rival cartels to step in and try and take control. However the Zetas were not going to give up their main smuggling route and at the end of Just one day there were one hundred and eighty killed including the newly elected chief of police (Weinberg).The United States once again took action and implemented operation Stonegarden, which gave local authorities on the U. S. ide four hundred million dollars to help improve boarder regulation and reduce smuggling. Soon after this was implemented, the drug cartels reached an agreement about territories and were able to again continue with busi ness. It is apparent that no matter what the United States or Mexico has done in the past to suppress the cartels has not been successful. With over ninety percent of the U. S. ocaine being able to be traced back to Mexico and about ninety percent of Mexican firearms being able to be traced back to the United States Just feeding more money into different agencies isn't working (Bronsther). Most of the guns that cartels are using are purchased in the United States and then smuggled back down into Mexico. They are able to do this because the cartel hires people called â€Å"straw buyers†. These are individuals with clean records who are paid to go into the United States and purchase large quantities of guns from local vendors and then bring them back down into Mexico.In order to prevent this from happening the United States must enforce the current laws where selling guns to foreign countries is illegal. It should also forbid the export of unlicensed firearms. All this is looke d after and overseen by the Federal Bureau of Alcohol Tobacco Firearms and Explosives so therefore additional funding should be going to that agency instead of only focusing on the agencies that deal with security (O'Neil). We know that if we go to war with the drug cartels that it will be a very bloody prolonged and simply unneeded conflict.The way to hurt them the most and do the most damage is to stop providing them with such a lucrative market. We should create stricter punishments tor people who do end up selling to straw buyers or even ducate vendors on proper gun selling and encourage the responsible sale of firearms (Miller). When it comes to drugs we can implement the same ideology. The United States is the biggest consumer nation in the world right now and drugs fit right into that. In order to suppress this problem in the most efficient way possible we must look at ourselves first.There has to be a shirt from supporting law enforcement to supporting the suppression of the U. S. demand. Studies have shown that money spent on rehabilitation for addicts is five times more effect then money spent on conventional law enforcement (O'Neil). Expanding and promoting drug treatment will in turn lower the allure or demand for the drugs the cartels are providing. Most of all however the cutting off of the Mexican drug cartels money supply would be detrimental to them and ultimately lead to their destruction.Removing the money source will no longer give them the ability to pay off official, at the state and local levels, which will in turn force democracy to become a more fair system. Judges and local police officers will be forced off of the cartels payroll and therefore improve upon Mexico's push to create a clean government. This would also be beneficial for previous problems as well. The purchasing and smuggling of guns will not longer be as big ofa problem due to lack of funds the cartels will have. Drugs will also see a decrease due to expensive manufactur ing costs and distribution expenses.This is where the majority of United States efforts should be focused because between fifteen and twenty five billion dollars goes from the U. S. into either Mexico or an account. The money is usually simply carried, wired, or transported to the boarder and merely driven across. Although guns and drugs are a huge problem in oming across the boarder if that amount of money is about to be simply driven across the boarder should we be focusing a lot more attention towards our efforts in recovering and seizing that money? Especially when confiscating that money will therefore lower amount of guns and drugs in circulation.The United States is not the sole source of the problem. The Achilles heal of Mexico is the corruption. About one fifth of Mexico's Federal Investigative Agency is under investigation for involvement with the drug cartels (Bronsther). In order to prevent this problem from continuing and hopefully reverse this common theme, Mexico must create institutional reform and growth by promoting better ways of training and education for law enforcement. They must be sure to implement ways to ensure that their officers, agents and even diplomats are not susceptible to corruption or manipulation.The United States is as much to blame for the situation in Mexico and Mexico is. If it weren't for our massive consumption habits and distribution of firearms the cartels would be useless to have. We have dug ourselves into a very deep hole and now must begin the slow climb out. This begins with efforts to subdue our addictive abits through rehabilitation and education, stricter laws regarding firearms sales especially around the border, a cooperative effort with Mexico against the cartels, and most importantly an increased effort in finding and destroying money that is funding these cartels.Mexico in turn is tacing this problem head on and suttering greatly tor i t. To avoid any further damage from being done, as a country, Mexico must start from the inside and work out with major reforms in their branches of government most importantly judicial and more specifically law enforcement. They must design as system in which orruption is the main characteristic to be aware of and avoid and need to educate, train, and generate true leaders who will hopefully strive to make a new positive name for Mexico.Both the United States and Mexico are realizing Just how much corruption, violence, and instability these drug cartels are creating. Procedures are beginning to be put in place in order to suppress the cartels. The United States recently passed the Miranda Initiative with grants Mexico one point four billion dollars to help them rebuild their nation. Mexico too has increased salaries and enefits for officers as an effort to allure people to fill positions once held by corrupt officials (O'Neil).

Sunday, November 10, 2019

Gender Inequalities Essay

Gender Inequality is the differences in the status, power and prestige women and men have in groups, collectivities and societies. Gender inequality usually affects women more than men due to the status in society. Many women are affected in the workforce due to gender inequalities, in many countries such as Iraq and Afghanistan women are held at a lower position to men. In countries such as those, women are thought of as property other than human beings. Why does gender inequality happen? The answer to this question is not as simple as it may seem. The most enforcing cause of gender inequality would be stereotypes. Typically women are thought of as housewives, to stay home, cook and clean, and take care of children. Men are suppose to be the breadwinners, they are suppose to work and support the family. In modern society the thought of the typical â€Å"housewife† has changed. Ever since the Rosie the Riveter revolution during World War II, more and more women are working in the workforce instead of staying at home. Even though during this time women were encouraged to take the place of their men and work in the workforce, a glass ceiling was still created keeping women unable to be promoted and gain higher positions. see more:gender equality essay for kids Interesting enough, almost 40% of women today make more than their husbands, and women today make up almost 60% of U.S. college students and earn the majority of doctorates and master’s degrees. So why does gender inequality still exists? Its a long interval of gender differences, including roles of biology, gender socialization, and findings from other cultures. Also the different forms of gender inequalities suchs as women in the workplace, inequalities at work, and the gender pay gap take a huge toll on gender inequalities. As the differences between girls and boys are explored, the differences between men and women are also explored. Many scientist say that nature vs. nurture has a huge involvement with the biological makeup differences of men and women. A quote from Intro to Sociology states that â€Å"Scholars disagree about the degree to which biological characteristics affect gender identities as â€Å"feminine† or â€Å"masculine† and the social roles b ased on those identities. The debates is really about how much social behavior is learned versus innate (or â€Å"inborn†)†. (Intro to Soc 295). I agree with this statement because the  biological characteristics do not makeup a gender identities. Only because a woman is not built like a man does not mean she is more weak. Only because men were not exposed to more cooking and cleaning as much as a woman or young girl is, does not mean that woman or man is incapable of doing it. When thinking of the differences concerning men and women its hard to compare the behavioral differences to an overall audience. Depending on the different cultures, women and men have different morals and behaviors. For example women in Iraq are held as property to their husband, also in some Muslim countries, some women are stoned to death for wrongdoings. These example show complete inequality differences between men and women. For examples, as humans we are trained to think that woman can not perform strenuous work, its up to men to perform difficult task. These stereotypes are the ones that create gender inequalities and make it unfair for women to gain equal rights. Most sociologist argue that a mans aggressiveness varies between cultures and that women are still are as aggressive but display their aggression in a more discreet manner such as using strategies and â€Å"bad mouthing† rather than physical fights. I agree with this statement, usually men are more confrontational because men always look to be the Alpha male. When women are in a confrontation, more women will be more sneaky and rather talk than just fight physically. When it comes to the different forms of gender inequality, there are many different forms and disadvantages mainly pertaining to women. The first most common is women in the workplace, women in the workplace have more disadvantages than men. Another disadvantage would be the gender gap and pay. Men tend to receive a way higher pay than women. Each of these are examples of gender inequality, in the workplace it can be found most typical due to the stereotypical judgements of women working. The gender gap payment has a great affect on gender inequalities, since men are paid more this creates a glass ceiling for women trying to advance in the career path. In a quote by the feminist majority foundation, â€Å"In the Wall Street Journal/Gallup survey, women managers were asked what they consider to be the most serious obstacle in their business careers. Only 3% cited â€Å"family responsibilities,† but half named reasons related to their gender, including: â€Å"male chauvinism, attitudes toward a female boss, slow  advancement for women, and the simple fact of being a woman.† (FF 1) This quote shows that the main thing holding back women in the working society is stereotypes. Many women stereotypes claim that its family issues holding back our women from reaching higher levels. Many assume that if a women is a single mother, divorced, or divorcing this may take an effect on her work ability. In society when it comes to gender and family, each gender is expected to have a certain type of role. When it comes to family there are many different types and levels. Usually in a family women are expected to take care of the children and men are expected to work and provide. In this modern day society women usually do both, work and take care of their family. Since the beginning of humankind women were suppose to bare the children and men were suppose to provide for the family. Since this though was considered since the begnning of mankind its hard to earse this thought. Still til this day, women mainly do the cooking while men provide. Since women are mainly thought of being in the kitchen, its hard for men to picture women in the workfield. Since the beginning o f time women have been thought of as the housekeepers. When World War II came around things changed and women had to step up to the plate. Ads such as Rosie the Riveter promoted women to get jobs and work outside the household. Before this time the life for a woman was boring and just an endless cycle of the same tasks. Many books were written explaining the average life of the housewife such as â€Å"captive wife† by Gavron in 1966. During the 1970s and 1980s a spring of debates and research formed on family from feminist viewing this topic. Before feminist began to look t the value of family, the researched typically focused on the kinship and family ties and how society affects them. Feminist began to focus on inside the family to examine a woman’s experience in the domestic atmosphere. Many feminist argued that there was an unequal power instilled in the families and that more family benefitted more than the other. There are three spectrums that feminist found important when examining the importance of family. One is the domestic of labor, which is the way tasks are allocated among household members. Feminist tend to disagree about the historical upcoming if this division. Some view it as a effect of the industrial capitalism. Another theme would be unequal power relationships, whi ch equals domestic violence. Many feminist argue that violent and abusive sides of families have been ignored  in both academic contexts and legal and policy circles. feminist feel that the family serves as a gender oppression. The last theme would be caring activities, this theme extends from looking after a person who is ill to looking after an elder. Not only do women complete household chores and child care they also have significant emotional labor in maintaining personal relationships (Duncome and Marsden 1993). Caring activities are grounded by in love, deep emotion, they also require an ability to listen, perceive, negotiate, and act creatively (Intro Soc 500). Women play a huge role when it comes to family and society. Women provide a nurturing environment for society because of their loving nature. Without a mothers nurturing nature, children wouldn’t have the ability to grow properly. A woman is the foundation to any family, without a woman a family wouldn’t be able to function properly. When it comes to a family women aren’t just housewives, they are the emotional base and protectors of the family. In conclusion I feel that men and women should have equal power, especially w hen it comes to the work force. Many women have to deal with stereotypical comments in the workforce and sexual harassment. Harassment is also a big difficulty for women to proceed in the workforce, a quote from a Huff Post article â€Å"The HuffPost poll found that one in five women said they’d been harassed by a boss, and one in four said they had been harassed by another co worker. And although women were more likely than men to say that they had been victims of one or both types of sexual harassment, men also reported being sexually harassed — 6 percent said they were harassed by a boss and 14 percent by a coworker.† (Huff Post 1) This proves that women not only have to deal with stereotypes but also have to deal with sexual harassment which is even more difficult. Women should just have an equal position in status compared to men because, women can do anything a man can do. In some cultures such as Muslim cultures, women have little to no rights and sometimes even die for committing the sm allest thing against their husbands. Women typically have it more difficult than men because women are seen as a piece of property rather than being their own person. Its concerns me how much we seem to belittle our women in society even though they are the foundation to any family and the rock to any man.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Promoting Your Books With Pinterest

Promoting Your Books With Pinterest Pinterest, a social media site, initially was popular among crafters, homemakers and Do-It-Yourselfers. Its becoming a popular destination as authors search for additional marketing possibilities. Pinterest can drive traffic to an authors blog or website, increase reader awareness and generate book sales. PINTEREST Pinterest is a free site (www.pinterest.com) where users set up boards and pin things they like to their boards. Think having a wall full of   bulletin boards. Create as many boards as you desire – one or hundreds. Name them – Books to read, Gardens, Fun to wear, etc. If you see a post on the main page that you like, click the heart on the upper right. If you want to save it, click pin it on the upper left. A box opens up where you choose which board to pin it to. Follow people. For instance, type chopeclark in the search box and youll find Hopes Pinterest page. On the upper right, click follow. Its that easy. Dont forget add your Pinterest link in your signature block, on your website and on your blog posts. WHY PINTEREST? Pinterest has over 100 million users. An estimated 70 percent of users pin/click through each month. Some authors have reported that Pinterest generated traffic surpassed Google+ and Twitter. TO PROMOTE YOUR BOOKS Set up a board for each book, or each series. Add a description about your book on each board. Include relevant keywords to show up in searches. Include links to your web site, blog, and sales page. (Descriptions are limited 500 characters. Bitly.com shortens those lengthy Amazon links.) Add pins that complement your book. Good visual images have the best chances of getting repined. They recommend having at least five pins on each board. Add pins that reflect the time period of your book, the area its set in, food or clothing of the era, recipes, etc. For instance, on my Trail Angel Mama – hiking board, I added pins about the Pacific Crest Trail, Wrightwood, California (story location), and links to useful hiking pages. When I publish a blog, I pin to my board, which directs Pinterest users back to my blog. When you start a new project, create a new board. Add pictures and information from your research. If the WIP name changes, edit the boards name. This helps promote your book prior to publication. Author Susan Wittig Albert has several series: China Bayles, Darling Dahlias and the Robin Paige Victorian mysteries that she co-writes with her husband, along with several stand-alone historical fiction books. Shes an active Pinterest user: 127 boards, 2,000 pins, and 3,000 followers. See her Pinterest page here. https://www.pinterest.com/susanwalbert/ Another Pinterest author is J.F. Penn. She has 31 boards: one for each book, and one titled My Books. She has a A Day in the Life of a Writer board sharing snippets of her life.https://www.pinterest.com/jfpenn/ TIPS Pin things specific to your target audience. Is it useful or entertaining? Hot Pinterest topics are: Food, fashion, fitness, beauty, dà ©cor, travel, crafts, children and pets. Share pins with valuable content: Blog posts, images, videos, essays, stories, character profiles. Be steady and consistent with your pinning to maximize your exposure. Better to briefly pin several times a week instead of binge pinning once a month. Pin at peak viewing times: late afternoons, early evenings and weekends. Pin your own unique pins along with repining others in your theme. READ MORE HERE: 56 Ways to Market Your Business on Pinterest, copyblogger.com/pinterest-marketing/ Your Writer Platform has a blog with usable tips and links detailing how to accomplish the recommended tasks. yourwriterplatform.com/use-pinterest-to-market-book-and-author-brand/

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Geography of Ancient Greece

Geography of Ancient Greece Greece, a country in southeastern Europe whose peninsula extends from the Balkans into the Mediterranean Sea, is mountainous, with many gulfs and bays. Forests fill some areas of Greece. Much of Greece is stony and suitable only for pasturage, but other areas are suitable for growing wheat, barley, citrus, dates, and olives. It is convenient to divide ancient Greece into 3 geographical regions (plus islands and colonies): (1) Northern Greece,(2) Central Greece(3) The Peloponnese.​ I. Northern Greece Northern Greece consists of Epirus and Thessaly, separated by the Pindus mountain range. The chief town in Epirus is Dodona where the Greeks thought Zeus provided oracles. Thessaly is the largest plains area in Greece. It is almost surrounded by mountains. On the north, the Cambunian range has as its highest mountain the home of the gods, Mt. Olympus, and nearby, Mt Ossa. Between these two mountains is a valley called the Vale of Tempe through which runs the Peneius River. II. Central Greece Central Greece has more mountains than northern Greece. It contains the countries of Aetolia (famed for the Calydonian boar hunt), Locris (divided into 2 sections by Doris and Phocis), Acarnania (west of Aetolia, bordered by the Achelous River, and north of the Gulf of Calydon), Doris, Phocis, Boeotia, Attica, and Megaris. Boeotia and Attica are separated by Mt. Cithaeron. In northeast Attica is Mt. Pentelicus home of the famous marble. South of Pentelicus is the Hymettus mountain range, which is famous for its honey. Attica had poor soil, but a long coastline favoring trade. Megaris lies in the Isthmus of Corinth, which separates central Greece from the Peloponnese. The Megarans raised sheep and made woolen products and pottery. III. Peloponnesus South of the Isthmus of Corinth is the Peloponnese (21,549 sq. km), whose central region is Arcadia, which is a plateau over mountain ranges. On the northern slope is Achaea, with Elis and Corinth on either side. On the east of the Peloponnese is the mountainous Argolis area. Laconia was the country in the basin of the Eurotas River, which ran between the Taygetus and Parnon mountain regions. Messenia lies to the west of Mt. Taygetus, the highest point in the Peloponnese. Source: An Ancient History for Beginners, by George Willis Botsford, New York: Macmillan Company. 1917.

Sunday, November 3, 2019

Final Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Final - Assignment Example Scientists are putting their best effort to install in these machines, the human like features like reasoning, intelligence, emotions and so on. If a real breakthrough is accomplished, then robots will become better performers than humans – by virtue of their being machines. Robots are speedy and accurate. They can be used in carrying out difficult tasks like welding of machines in a high temperature environment. They do not get tired or stop to eat or require a break and most interesting of all to the modern manager, robots do not complain. Such features could lead to adoption of the robot-worker, replacing human labor. This contributes to social injustice. Humans will be having their robot colleagues in the work place and whether the two will complement or compete with each other is still uncertain (Rooksby). On March 13, 2004, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), which is a small branch of the department of defense in the U.S and has the responsibility of developing the technology of the military celebrating its 10th anniversary of the DARPA Grand Challenge. 15 self-driving cars were involved in the exercise in which the robotic drivers sped through a 142-mile course between Barstow, California and Prim, Nev. The ensuing developments accelerated the development of autonomous vehicles that, according to the agency officials, could be very instrumental in doing cargo supplies and other military supplies to areas of combat without putting the lives of the human drivers in danger. Such technological inventions have promoted human justice by protecting their lives in time of war. Despite such advancements military armaments that are as a result of technology has caused lots of death and loss of earth around the globe. The use of atomic and nuclear bombs, machine guns and ot her weapons of mass destruction have led to many

Friday, November 1, 2019

The Mexican American War (Polk's War) Research Paper

The Mexican American War (Polk's War) - Research Paper Example They also had an ambitious desire on the Mexican lands in the West and this brought conflicts which later led to the eruption of the Mexican-American war. This war was very important to the United States for land expansion; they wanted to expand their territories by acquiring huge masses of land from Mexicans. Many people lost their lives during this war. It is estimated that, around 30,000 lives were lost during the conflicts.1 The Mexican-American war was a very short war but it left behind long lasting effects that are always remembered up to date. Causes of the Mexican-American war The Mexican-American war had several causes, some major and others minor, here are some of them: The Annexation of Texas The major cause of the Mexican-American war was the annexation of Texas. The root of the conflicts that led to the eruption of the Mexican-American war is traced back to the time Texas got its independence. The outcome of the revolution was the annexation of Texas into the United Sta tes. Primarily, Mexico had promised to wage war against the U.S. if they were to manage annexing Texas and when Texas broke up from Mexico, they stopped regarding it as an independent city but as a corrupted city2. Mexicans had believed that the annexation of Texas called for war. ... The Westward movement of the U.S. citizens to the Mexican territory The United States citizens were relentlessly searching for land for farming and also to sell to the incoming farmers. Through their search, they found that Texas had easily accessible and available land for farming and so they started moving into the lands. Mexicans made an effort to stop them; nevertheless, they still moved into Texas and started to undermine the Texans and Mexican government’s authority. They farther went ahead to disobey the set Mexican laws and regulations especially the anti slavery laws. Due to these misbehaviors, the Mexican law makers and officials started disapproving the U.S. citizens and this led to the escalation of the Mexican-American war. The Ideal Manifest Destiny This was an American ideal whereby the United States was to extend its territories from coast to coast as one huge nation. Through the ideal manifest destiny, many U.S. citizens were able to advance as citizens into t he west of the Mexican territory. They travelled across Mexico searching for economic gain that is why they infested the Mexican’s lands. This can be seen where the United States forcefully desired to acquire California to serve as an economic base for them and in order to establish markets. This led to the Mexican-American war because the Mexicans did not want to let go off California and wanted to fight against their invasion into their lands. Actions of the presidents in office at that time The presidents in office during the time of the tension between the Mexicans and the Americans provoked the war. Their motions highly contributed to the war. For example, President

Wednesday, October 30, 2019

Repealing the Jones Act Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Repealing the Jones Act - Research Paper Example This historical act can be found in Section 27 of the Merchant Marine Act of 1920. The act professed that goods & passengers transported by water between US ports must be done in US made ships, owned by US populace & crewed by US citizens. The Jones Act also provided sailors with supplementary rights, including the facility to look for reparation from the crew, captain, or ship owner in the case of an injury. The Jones Act generally deals with ‘cabotage’ (i.e. coastal shipping) & requires that all goods transported by water amid US ports be carried in US flag ships, constructed in the united states, owned by US populace , crewed by US people & US permanent inhabitants. This unique act was framed with the purpose of sustaining the US merchant marine industry, but agricultural welfare by and large opposed it for the reason that, they contended it raised the expenditure of shipping their commodities, making them less competitive against foreign sources. The great Gulf oil spill raised serious questions on the implications of this draconian act. The oil which had been squandering & demolishing aqua habitat could not be stopped for the sole reason of the legal bindings of this law. The US alone never possessed the arsenal of cleaning up this catastrophic mess. Yet, it remained reluctant when foreign nations repeatedly suggested utilizing their ships to meet this disaster. Thus, 2 010 witnessed this cruel drama while the endangered ecological equilibrium slowly drifted into the abyss of oblivion. This implied that foreign owned, built, & manned vessels could not assist in the oil spill cleanup mess unless of course President Barrack Hussein Obama waived or altered the Jones act. During the Katrina storms, the former president Bush decided to waive the laws of Jones act as a requirement of national emergency. But Obama opted to remain frigid & witness the blunders rather than becoming pro active & deciding according to the needs of the hour.

Sunday, October 27, 2019

The Definition Of Biomimicry

The Definition Of Biomimicry Product design inspired by nature simply means that designers look to the nature for answer when they were in process of designing it. The action of copying from nature is called biomimicry. Biomimicry is not an entirely new idea to humans. The hook and loop fasterner or known as Velcro was invented in 1948 based on the bur plants. Biomimicry is important in product design because nature has the best solution whenever we came to a design problem. For example, for the wind resistance problem faced by Japanese bullet train, the front nose was remodelled to look like a kingfishers beak. Biomimicry design spiral is a kind of tool that takes us through the process of identify, translate, observe, abstract, apply and evaluate before a design is being developed. There are many inventions in this world that were inspired by the nature. Flying squirrel wingsuit, formula one car, sharkskin swimsuit and drag-reduced propeller are the best examples. The nature is and will always be our mentor in product design. Therfore, it is our responsibility to preserve and protect the nature we have today. Definition of biomimicry Biomimicry is a discipline that studies our natures ideas, models and processes to take inspirations from to solve the design problems faced by humans. In the words of biomimicry, bios means life while mimesis means to mimic. Therefore, biomimicry simply means to imitate from nature. Biomimicry is not a new idea. Humans have always been turning to the nature to look for any answer to solve both complex and simple problems. Humans take the nature as their mentor and model. This is because the animals and plants found on the Earth nowadays have survived for ages. They have gone through several stages of evolution and changes in order to survive in this planet. Therefore, their body structure and functionality are worth copying for. For example, without birds the Wright brothers will not be inspired to build an airplane that turns out to be one of the greatest invention of all time. In addition, Eiji Nakatsu, a railway engineer remodelled the front nose design of the bullet train in Jap an which will reduce air resistance and uses 15% less electricity. He took the idea from the shape of the beak of kingfishers. The significance of biomimicry in product design There are thousands of products being designed in every single day. What really matter is, do the products have the ability to cope with the environment and perform well. Humans are not brilliant in every way, sometimes we do need some help from the nature. Some of the flora and fauna had been on Earth long before the existence of human race. They are full of experience in coping with the nature in order to survive. Therefore, designers always mimic the design of some animals and plants. The product designs nowadays have become more and more sophisticated. Designers are hoping to decrease any possibility of disaster and waste of energy. This is where biomimicry will come in handy. The existence of biomimicry provides a rough idea to the designers of what the nature would probably do to solve problems faced. Therefore, the designers can make amendments to their designs to avoid any unwanted errors. Hence, it cannot be denied that biomimicry is playing an important role in product desi gn. Biomimicry design spiral http://juliangaviriasanchez.files.wordpress.com/2011/02/biomimicry-design-spiral.jpg Biomimicry design spiral is a tool that scientists created that uses our nature as our mentor and role model to solve any complex and simple problems faced while in the creation of any products. Identify: Instead of asking ourselves what we want to design, we need to identify what we want our designs to do for us. If not, we probably ended up designing something which is only an updated version of current existing products. Translate: Take the natures perspective into consideration. We need to know how nature carries out a certain function to tackle problem it faced. Observe: Consults biologist or natural experts. Take their advices into consideration before we begin to develop something new. Abstract: Find out the relationship between the nature and the product. We need to know whether the product can adapt to the environment where it meant to be once developed. Apply: Apply all the knowledge and studies that had been made into the development of product. Designs a product based on the research. Evaluate: Find out how does the design performs in nature. Can the design adapt to the environment? Biomimicry applications in products design Animals Falcon birds Peregrine falcons are one of the species of falcons and a widespread bird of prey in the family Falconidae. The Peregrine falcon is renowned for its speed, reaching over 322km/h during its characteristic hunting stoop (high speed dive), making it the fastest member of the animal kingdom. According to a National Geographic program, the highest measured speed of a Peregrine Falcon is even up to 389 km/h. Hence, engineers have studied the body shape of the birds and implement it into the design of Formula 1 racing cars. A Formula 1 car is a single-seat, open cockpit, open-wheel racing car with substantial front and rear wings, and an engine positioned behind the driver. Aerodynamics of the car play a vital role in determining the speed, safety and drag produced. Therefore, the aerodynamic designer has two primary concerns which is the creation of downforce to push the car onto the track, improve cornering forces and minimising the drag that slow the car down. So, the front nose of a For mula 1 racing car is inspired by the shape of the head of Peregrine falcon. The head of the birds is in streamlined shape which will reduce the drag produced when flying at high speed. Therefore, designers design the front nose of the racing cars to mimic the head of the birds which used to channel air flow to the back of the car. Hence, drag is reduced and the downforce is increased. Racing cars can be driven to a higher speed. Flying squirrel Flying squirrels are one of the 44 species of squirrels in the family of Sciuridae. Flying squirrels do not have wings and are not capable of powered flight like birds or bats. The loose folds of skin between the front and hind legs of these squirrels enable them to fly from trees to trees but what they actually do is glide through the air on the stretched surface of this loose skin. The direction and speed of the animal in midair is varied by changing the positions of its two arms and legs, largely controlled by small cartilaginous wrist bones. Therefore, man has used the body structure of the flying squirrel and created the flying squirrel suit. Modern wingsuit are equipped with fabric attached between the legs and under the arms which will add surface area to the human body to enable a significant increase in lift. A wingsuit flight normally ends with a parachute opening. So a wingsuit can safely be flown from any point that provides sufficient altitude for flight and parachute de ployment. Sharks Sharks, also known as the natures great predator are a group of carnivorous ocean going fish with 368 different species in a total of 30 families. Some species of shark, such as the great white, are infamous among humans because they have been involved in attacks resulting in severe injury and sometimes death. Most sharks have streamlined bodies designed for moving efficiently through the water. Many species have a projecting dorsal fin, and all have split caudal or rear fins. The shark can move very rapidly in search of prey. The shortfin mako shark, the fastest shark and one of the fastest fish, can burst at speeds up to 50 km/h. The reasons why sharks can swim fast in water are closely related to its skin. Seen under an electron microscope, sharkskin is made up of countless overlapping scales called dermal denticles. The denticles have grooves running down their length in alignment with water flow. These grooves disrupt the formation of eddies, or turbulent swirls of slower water and make the water to pass by faster. Therefore, the scientists replicate the dermal denticles and apply it on the racing swimsuit. Speedos Fastskin line of high-tech, high-performance swimsuits were inspired by the shark skins sandpaper-like texture is thought to reduce drag, hence its usefulness in swimming gear. Plants Bur A bur is a seed or dry fruit in which the seeds bear hooks or teeth which attach themselves to the fur of passing animals or the clothing of people. The hooks or teeth are irritants and quite hard to remove from clothing, such as wool or cotton. The bur of burdock was the inspiration for hook and loop fastener (Velcro). Velcro was invented in 1948 by the Swiss electrical engineer George de Mestral. Hook-and-loop fasteners consist of two components which are two lineal fabric strips which are attached to the opposing surfaces to be fastened. The first component features tiny hooks while the second features even smaller and hair-like loops. When the two components are pressed together, the hooks catch in the loops and the two pieces fasten or bind temporarily. Velcro strips make a distinctive ripping sound when they are being separated. Because it is extremely easy to use, low chances of being spoilt and safe, the hook-and-loop fasteners have been used for just about every conceivable application where a temporary bond is required. It is especially popular as a shoe fastener for children who have not yet learned to tie shoelaces and for those who choose Velcro over laces. Kelp Kelps are large seaweeds belong to the brown algae in the order Laminariales. Kelp grows in underwater forests known as the kelp forests in shallow oceans. There are several Pacific species of kelp which is a very important ingredient in Chinese, Japanese and Korean cuisines. Because of its high concentration of iodine, brown kelp has been used to treat the enlargement of the thyroid gland caused by a lack of iodine, known as goitre. Kelps have the very unique spiral shape which moves with the current rather than fighting against it. Therefore, they will not get swept away easily by rough current. This phenomenon inspired the design of drag-reduced propeller. A propeller is a type of fan that transmits power by converting rotational motion into thrust and normal seen installed at the back of vessel or boat. Propeller designed in spiral shape will has lesser drag when it spins in water. Hence, less energy is required to accelerate the water to the back of blade which in turns provides more forward thrust to the ship. Tumbleweed Tumbleweed is the above-ground part of any plants that once mature and dry or wilt. It will disengage from the root and tumble away in the wind. The tumbleweed is a norm in steppe and desert climates. The tumbleweed is a diaspore, which aids in the dispersal of seeds or spores. The tumbleweed is very light and round in shape. Therefore, it moves around and tumbles along to disperse seeds when the wind blows. Eventually, the tumbleweed comes to rest in a wet location, it opens as it absorbs water and then it dies. The characteristics of tumbleweed for being light and round in shape have inspired the NASA engineers to design a rover of the same concept. The rover is designed for any exploring missions in planet Mars. The rough terrain of Mars can be tackled using a wind-driven planetary rover. A wind-driven planetary rover design maximises drag and therefore it will be easy to manoeuvre around the planet. Conclusion Every single thing created by God in this world existed for a reason. It just that some of things are still yet to be discovered by humans. As mentioned earlier, most of the designs in this world are inspired by the nature. Humans copy the design of some animals and plants to achieve success in their design. The nature is our teacher, our mentor and our role model. We always look to nature for answer whenever we faced obstacles. Hence, through biomimicry, the relationships between humans and nature grow closer than ever before. The continued existence of the nature depends on humans and vice versa. Therefore, we must appreciate and preserve what we have right now for the sake of our latter generations.

Friday, October 25, 2019

Media Coverage of the China-Tibet Talks Essay -- Communications Politi

Media Coverage of the China-Tibet Talks For the past several decades, China has been trying to take over Tibet. During this conflict, the leaders of these two nations have been communicating with each other. Overall, talks have not been very successful, for conflicts still exist. The coverage of their communications by the media has been mixed. The level of objectivity and quality of content are not consistent. For detailed and unbiased information about China-Tibet talks, long articles from focused writers are better than reports from magazines and newspapers, which cover a wide range of news. While covering ongoing communications between China and Tibet, reporters for Newsweek in the U.S. are supposed to be as objective as possible. However, by reading the articles and reports that Newsweek present on this topic, it appears that the work is not as objective and complete as it should be. In one issue of the publication, a lengthy report about China took up a fair amount of space. One section, by Melinda Liu, relates to talks between China and Tibet, and how the U.S. acts as an intermediary contact. At first, the article talks about President Jiang Zemin and his attempts to make good relations with Tibet. The article begins, â€Å" When he visited the United States last year, President Jiang Zemin dismayed some of his own supporters with his clumsy handling of the Tibet issue† (Liu 39). Later on in the introduction, Liu says, â€Å" He compared the Chinese Army’s ‘emancipation’ of the serfs to Abraham Lincoln's abolition of slavery† (39). The rest of the article continues to bring up facts that build up against Jiang. Liu goes on to say, â€Å" As for Tibet, Jiang claims to have had ‘good relation s’ with the late Panchen Lama† (39). N... ...bias introduced since all the facts are laid out for them. Future coverage of the conflict will most likely continue in the same fashion it has been going on over the decades. Incorrect analyses will continue to occur. Nevertheless, by looking at all the reports that have been written, it appears that it will take a long time for Tibet and China to resolve their issues. Works Cited Grunfeld, A. Tom. The Making of Modern Tibet. London: Zed Books, 1987. Karmel, Solomon M. â€Å" Ethnic Tension and the Struggle for Order: China’s Policies in Tibet.† Pacific Affairs 68 (1995): 485-508. Online. JSTOR. 21 March 2005. Liu, Melinda. â€Å" Talking Past Each Other.† Newsweek 29 Jun. 1998: 39. Mirsky, Jonathan. â€Å" Beijing rules the mountains.† The Spectator 281 (1998): 24-25. Online. ProQuest. 21 March 2005. Snyder, Lisa. â€Å" China Ties.† Newsweek 20 Jul. 1998: 17.

Thursday, October 24, 2019

Cyber Security Essay

President Obama has declared that the â€Å"cyber threat is one of the most serious economic and national security challenges we face as a nation†¦ America’s economic prosperity in the 21st century will depend on cyber security.† So why is it that so many people still don’t know some of the basic ways that produce cyber threats? The purpose of this paper is to name some of the more basic cyber threats. Even though it is just the beginning to the hazards you can obtain, they are highly effective because of the number of people that still allow these kinds of breaches. First and foremost are viruses. According to cknow.com, â€Å"There were over 50,000 computer viruses in 2000 and that number was then and still is growing rapidly. Sophos, in a print ad in June 2005 claims â€Å"over 103,000 viruses.† And, Symantec, in April 2008 is reported to have claimed the number is over one million.† With so many different viruses out there, how do you know what to look for and how to protect your cyber world from viruses? Some of the most common viruses that effect people are Trojans and Net Bots. PCmag.com defines a Trojan as â€Å"A program that appears legitimate, but performs some illicit activity when it is run. It may be used to locate password information or make the system more vulnerable to future entry or simply destroy programs or data on the hard disk. A Trojan is similar to a virus, except that it does not replicate itself. It stays in the computer doing its damage or allowing somebody from a remote site to take control of the computer. Trojans often sneak in attached to a free game or other utility.† To add to their definition, it can also be affixed to an email attachment or the email itself. So now that you know what it is you’re probably thinking so what can I do to protect myself from obtaining this virus? The best thing to do would be to educate yourself about this threat. Know what they look like and common websites they reside. The next thing that to do is to be sure to always have an up to date WELL KNOWN antivirus such as Sophos, McAfee, or Norton. The well known part is very important because some of the smaller antivirus companies are part of the reason there are so many Trojans out there. Once you get some antivirus software you need to be sure to keep it up to date. Also, don’t open emails from senders that you don’t recognize. Several of the Trojans out there that get circulated by email come from people opening emails from unknown senders. The next one is botnets. http://searchsecurity.techtarget.com says â€Å"A botnet (also known as a zombie army) is a number of Internet computers that, although their owners are unaware of it, have been set up to forward transmissions (including spam or viruses) to other computers on the Internet. Any such computer is referred to as a zombie – in effect, a computer â€Å"robot† or â€Å"bot† that serves the wishes of some master spam or virus originator. Most computers compromised in this way are home-based. According to a report from Russian-based Ka spersky Labs, botnets — not spam, viruses, or worms — currently pose the biggest threat to the Internet.† Trojans are the major way that you can get one of these viruses. So it is important that you again get antivirus software, keep it up to date, and don’t open emails from unknown senders. However, with this virus you can get it just from going to a questionable web site. So how do you know what ones are good and what ones are questionable? Well that you can for the most part guess using these deciding factors: Are there several java applications on the web page? Is there a lot of download able content? Are there pop up advertisements that come up on the page? Then you probably should do your best to stay away from the page. In case you are unsure, some antivirus software are now including a trusted and untrusted feature so when you search a site it will let you know if the page is safe or proceed at your own risk. If your antivirus does not have such a feature then there are some applications out there that will do the same thing just to name one would be WOT or Web of Trust. The next issue is a little more targeted to the business world. It deals more with their emails and correspondence but can also be directed to an average internet user. It is phishing. Webroot.com expounds â€Å"Email Phishing scams are carried out online by tech-savvy con artists and identity theft criminals. They use spam, fake websites constructed to look identical to a real sites, email and instant messages to trick you into divulging sensitive information, like bank account passwords and credit card numbers. Once you take the phisher’s bait, they can use the information to create fake accounts in your name, ruin your credit, and steal your money or even your identity.† This is a serious issue that takes some skill to recognize to evade taking the phisher’s bait. First and foremost is to educate yourself on phishing attacks or scams. Know what it looks like. There are many resources that you have available to you on the internet to learn how to spot a phishing attack and a legitimist email. The Department of Defense offer s a great course on how to spot a phishing email at http://iase.disa.mil/eta/phishing/Phishing/launchPage.htm. A more specific attack is whaling. Blogs.iss.net explains â€Å"The adoption of the term ‘Whaling’ within phishing is fairly new and may have been derived from the use of ‘Whales’ within gambling to refer to big-time gamblers and high rollers, but most likely come from the colloquialism for â€Å"big fish†. Regardless, Whaling describes the most focused type of phishing currently encountered by businesses or government – targeted attacks against groups of high-level executives within a single organization, or executive positions common to multiple organizations (e.g. the CTO or CFO). In a whaling attack, the phisher focuses upon a very small group of senior personnel within an organization and tries to steal their credentials – preferably through the installation of malware that provides back-door functionality and key logging. By focusing upon this small group, the phisher can invest more time in the attack and finely tune his message to achieve the highest likelihood of success. Note that these messages need not be limited to email. Some scams have relied upon regular postage systems to deliver infected media – for example, a CD supposedly containing evaluation software from a known supplier to the CIO, but containing a hidden malware installer.† So if you’re not a high level employee, you’re probably wondering how this is important to you. How phishers go about their scam is by obtaining little bits of what some would consider being harmless information from other employees about level executives and projects going on in the company. They start at the bottom to get more information at the top. So in all actuality it very much concerns everyone in the company. This leads me in to my last but important area of cyber security: insider threat. Frankly, that is you. Every employee is potentially an insider threat. So let me define it a little better with some help from searchsecurity.techtarget.com. â€Å"An insider threat is a malicious hacker (also called a cracker or a black hat) who is an employee or officer of a business, institution, or agency. The term can also apply to an outside person who poses as an employee or officer by obtaining false credentials. The cracker obtains access to the computer systems or networks of the enterprise, and then conducts activities intended to cause harm to the enterprise. Insider threats are often disgruntled employees or ex-employees who believe that the business, institution, or agency has â€Å"done them wrong† and feel justified in gaining revenge. The malicious activity usually occurs in four steps or phases. First, the cracker gains entry to the system or network. Secondly, the cracker investigates the nature of the system or network in order to learn where the vulnerable points are and where the most damage can be caused with the least effort. Thirdly, the cracker sets up a workstation from which the nefarious activity can be conducted. Finally, the actual destructive activity takes place. The damage caused by an insider threat can take many forms, including the introduction of viruses, worms, or Trojan horses; the theft of information or corporate secrets; the theft of money; the corruption or deletion of data; the altering of data to produce inconvenience or false criminal evidence; and the theft of the identities of specific individua ls in the enterprise. Protection against the insider threat involves measures similar to those recommended for Internet users, such as the use of multiple spyware scanning programs, anti-virus programs, firewalls, and a rigorous data backup and archiving routine.† It could also be an employee giving away what you would consider to be harmless information like an email address, a project you are working on at work, how many people you work with, or even where you work and the location of the building. Even with some of the best antivirus software, a stellar knowledge of phishing, and an elite cyber security system, an insider threat can penetrate that because they most the time have the credentials to log it to the system and pull resources ligitimently so it would go unnoticed. So how can you help protect you network or your company’s network from an insider threat? Simply, don’t be one. Always be sure to only give information that the other person is on the same level to receive. Secondly is to educate yourself on insider threat prevention. There is a plethora of resources to do just that. A helpful one is http://www.ussecurityawareness.org/highres/insider-threat.html. Also watch for signs of curious activity with co workers. Report any evidence or suspicions to your supervisor. So in conclusion, prevention starts with you. Buy up to date antivirus software. avoid risky sites, educate yourself on what a phishing attack looks like, know what a legitimate email is, don’t be an insider threat and educate yourself about things to look for from other co workers. Cyber security is a serious threat and is a major issue that needs to be taken seriously. It is not just something for the IT department to worry about but starts with every one making sure to take the appropriate security measures to make the cyber world more secure.