Wednesday, August 26, 2020

Critical analysis of the film The Last Samurai Essay

Basic investigation of the film The Last Samurai - Essay Example While Zwick may have taken a shot at the film with due regard toward the Eastern culture, in any case, a portion of the pundits see it in an alternate point of view. For instance Denby (2003) discovered it as â€Å"cultural vanity verifiable in the possibility of a white guy’s turning into a brilliant Eastern warrior.† Similarly Tierney (2006) likewise discovered â€Å"themes of whiteness† and implanted western prevalence in the film. In any case, as per Ebert (2003), the film delineates the account of an old culture and reasoning that is better than modernization sent out by America for the sake of improvement. The film wonderfully reproduces the enchantment of great Japanese past with surprising structures, sets, activity successions and ensembles. Be that as it may, it has its own arrangement of issues. Huge numbers of the contentions and activities seem to have been reused from different movies, and the general direction of the story is unsurprising. As indicated by Ebert (2003) the film follows the old attempted and tried equation that the Western saint can without much of a stretch become familiar with the nearby culture and even beat the best of their warriors in a matter of barely any months. Here the film draws matches with Lawrence of Arabia and Hits the dance floor with Wolves, motion pictures in which Westerner saints acknowledge Arabs and Indians. It is a lot of unsurprising from the earliest starting point of the film that the western saint won't just find that the Japanese are not brutal but rather likewise be captivated by their way of life. Algrens change from a heavy drinker to a trained individual is additionally on anticipated lines. After he is taken as a prisoner and builds up a holding with his captor can be speculated by any film goer. Accordingly the film doesn ’t toss any new components. As indicated by Said (1994), during the time of European dominion, while delineating Eastern social orders, Western researchers were partial and introduced Orientals as inferiors. The explanation behind such depiction could be European countries’ status as colonizers. He has named this idea as

Saturday, August 22, 2020

Sommers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Sommers - Essay Example Thinking about these viewpoints, I think Sommer is a little precise about me as even I face problems while thinking as far as confidence. In any case, luckily just at uncommon occasions, I accept, have I been in circumstances that have made me vulnerable to make certain good judgments. Sommer has recommended that grown-ups, particularly instructors ought to improve the youth’s information and appreciation of virtues and they should direct the adolescent into having confidence in these qualities and standards. â€Å"Teachers with uprightness are seen as ethically solid models for youngsters to follow† thus I accept that instructors assume a critical job in trim the children’s character and good conduct. â€Å"Moral Conservatism† is the thing that she thinks the general public needs. She accepts that individuals live in an ethical situation and that they should regard and save it. She underscores the need to esteem and regard the conventions that we have a cquired. She additionally needs to empower the organizations, which advance good lessons alongside scholastics. The paper altogether has a fascinating intrigue to it. It doesn't present realities in an exhausting manner like most expositions do. In any case, what intrigued me the most is the anecdote about the nonconformists as I am going over it just because. Likewise her expressions, for example, opening in the ethical zone, social texture and so on appear to be exceptionally one of a kind and one of a kind things. I am extremely thankful for being given this task, as it has helped me learn new realities and has motivated me to be progressively dependable towards my morals.

Thursday, August 20, 2020

Changes in Official iBT Tests 2019 Editions

Changes in Official iBT Tests 2019 Editions Hey, I found library copies of the new editions of the Official iBT Tests books (Vol. 1, 3rd edition, Vol. 2, 2nd edition) to see what was new.The text seems to be 100% the same, except for a couple of references to online materials in the introduction. The old editions already had the reordered listening questions from the Official Guide (4th edition) and the varied Integrated writing prompts from the Official Guide (3rd Edition). Those are continued here, of course.The Tests books do NOT contain the longer independent writing prompts (with the warning about memorized examples) found in the Official Guide (4th Edition).The only difference I can see is that the tests are now delivered on DVD, rather than CD. I didnt examine every page, though, so let me know if there is something I can double check for you.For the record, these are 2019 publications. However, they will be somewhat obsolete when the TOEFL changes in August 1 of 2019. When that happens ETS will include an insert in fut ure printings of their books that describe the new version of the test. This does not mean they will update them! The insert will just be a piece of paper that describes the changes. ETS does not know when the actual text of the books will be updated.Update from 2020: ETS has hinted that new editions of some of their books will be published this year, but nothing has been made official.

Sunday, May 24, 2020

Essay about Human Trafficking in the United Kingdom

Human trafficking is not just a part of our history; it is continuously growing around the world today because of traffickers who are using it as an easy way to make a profit. Victims of human trafficking feel as if they have no way to escape because they have limited ways to survive or make a good enough living to support themselves along with their families outside of the sex industry. Women, children and even men from time to time are taken before they get the opportunity to receive little if any education, at all. Therefore, many who could’ve gotten out of the sex industry chose to stay out of fear to return back home after years to be discriminated against by their own families and communities, knowing getting a job would be nearly†¦show more content†¦After they realize they are stuck in a foreign country without a passport, they come to find out there isn’t anywhere to run. Today, in our society, human trafficking and prostitution are bigger than ever. M en, women and even children are being taken to trade as sexual exploitation every day. As a whole, we need to stand against traffickers and those who are involved. We need to execute a plan to eliminate trafficking, spread awareness and provide help for those who have been trafficked, to show them they do have a choice. While many believe the selling and trading of sex is only another job and therefore should be made legal and safe, others feel that even sex between consenting adults is wrong and exploitative. However, both sides agree that prostitution is equal to slavery when children and young people are involved because of how hazardous the work is and the fact they cannot give legal consent for themselves. Children around the world are being taken at all ages, most are unaware they are even in danger until it’s too late. A report from the Inter-Departmental Ministerial Group on human trafficking in 2011 found that 234 out of 946 potential victims were children. Kids outs ide of Amsterdam, as young as ten years old, can be trafficked to work long hours on farms as house girls or in local bars. This can often lead to prostitution. The boys who are taken tend herds ofShow MoreRelatedHuman Trafficking : The Second Largest Organized Crime980 Words   |  4 PagesHuman trafficking is the second largest organized crime in the world (Attorney General s Office, and Heald, Oliver QC MP). For years, people have enlisted work to be completed by slaves. These slaves are sometimes children whose parents are unable to care for them due to poverty. The desire for slavery has evolved to trafficking. This result, can affect children of all ages, although most children are twelve years or older when they are identified (Setter). Children are often tricked, forcedRead MoreThe Ongoing Trial of Human Trafficking Essay1467 Words   |  6 Pages Human trafficking is not just a part of our history; it is continuously growing around the world today because of trafficke rs who are using it as an easy way to make a profit. Victims of human trafficking feel as if they have no way to escape because they have limited ways to survive or make a good enough living to support themselves along with their families outside of the sex industry. Women, children and even men are taken from time to time before they get the opportunity to receive little ifRead MoreThe Modern Slavery that is Taking Place in our World Today1033 Words   |  4 Pagesaway.† In 1865, slavery was abolished here in the United States. It states in the thirteen amendment that, â€Å"neither slavery, nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.† Although slavery was abolished there are twenty-seven million people in modern day slavery, around the world because of human trafficking in the forms of bonded labor, forced labor, andRead MoreHuman Trafficking Supply Chain Risk1160 Words   |  5 Pagesntro: Human Trafficking Supply Chain Risk When the media talks about human trafficking, the first thing that comes to mind is the kidnapping and sale of women and children. Of girls lured from their homes. But human trafficking is more than just sex trafficking. Many victims of trafficking are conscripted into modern-day slavery through force, fraud, or coercion. This takes the form of debt bondage, forced labor, and involuntary child labor. Human Trafficking is also a supply chain issue. HumanRead MoreWhat Is More Harm Than Good?1721 Words   |  7 PagesMore harm than good? The impact of the United Kingdom’s laws and policies on sex workers’ and trafficked individuals’ human rights or Would U.K laws and policies on sex workers and trafficked individuals be more effective if society understood and accepted the problem? Research background and questions According to the United Kingdom Home Office, the anti†slavery legislation currently being upheld in the United Kingdom (hereinafter UK), uses the term modern slavery as a catch-all phrase whenRead MoreHuman Trafficking : The Violation Of Human Rights1494 Words   |  6 PagesHuman Trafficking What is the most basic of all human needs? One might answer food, water, and shelter. What is the most basic of all human rights? It should go without saying that the most basic of all human rights is freedom or personal liberty rather than bondage or slavery. If being free rather than in bondage is a human right, why is it that so many are held in bondage against their will? United Nations According to the United Nations website, Human Trafficking is defined as: The recruitmentRead MoreInternational Law Threatens Western Countries1262 Words   |  6 Pagesrelation to comparative criminology in the second and the third part with illustration of various international data. Firstly, violations of international law generally refer to violation of human rights. Human rights are a complex area in international theory and practice. It is considered as International Human Rights Law in its legal manifestation (Cali, 2010:282). The International Law Commission defines the concept that crime against humanity contravenes peace and security (Cali, 2010:282). SinceRead MoreDaniela Khodorov. Core Global Issues. May 1, 2017. Human1352 Words   |  6 PagesMay 1, 2017 Human Trafficking in Brazil According to statistics from the United States Department of State, there are reportedly over 13 million people being forced into human trafficking, specifically sex trades. Sex trafficking is one of the most profitable crimes making 7 to 12 billion dollars yearly around the world (Research Paper). This is also often times referred to as â€Å"modern day slavery† as adults and children are exploited and striped of their human rights. Most commonlyRead MoreHuman Dignity And The Inalienable Rights Of Every Person1251 Words   |  6 PagesWhen Europeans began to colonize the New World at the end of the 15th century, they were well aware of the institution of slavery. Slavery has been a part of human society since its beginning and it continues to increase today. This kind of activities continues to growth in today’s society in different forms every country in the world. Mostly women are forced to practice prostitution, children and adults may be required to work in farmi ng or factories producing goods for global corporate companiesRead MoreSex Trafficking: Modern-day Slavery Essay1131 Words   |  5 PagesSex trafficking according to the National Human Trafficking (2000) is defined as a modern-day form of slavery in which a commercial sex act in induced by force, fraud or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such an act is under the age of 18 years. Sex trafficking is mostly comprises of force, fraud and underage women or men to engaged in unwilling activities in order to get what they need in life. Most often people are brought to the United State specifically in search of job but

Wednesday, May 13, 2020

The Effect Of Cronbachs Alpha, Mean, And Standard...

1 Table 3 below presents the results for each of the main research constructs for the Cronbach’s alpha, mean, and standard deviation for each question. From this table, it is evident that the questions strongly relate to each construct measurement with all items scoring a greater than 0.8 Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. The internal consistency of these items can be deemed reliable as researchers generally suggest that values above 0.7 are acceptable with values above 0.8 being preferable (Pallant, 2013). Because the reliability of these construct measurements was established, the later statistical analysis presented in this study can allow for valid generalizations to be extrapolated from the survey data. 5.2 Are we Related (Correlations of Variables) According to Sanders et al, correlations of 0.5 (or-.5) can demonstrate strong relationships between variables (Saunders, 2012). However, most researchers generally cap correlations at .85 (or -.85) suggesting that too high of a correlation may reduce the variables discriminate validity, that is the variables are measuring the same or similar constructs (Churchill Jr, 1979). The correlation between the constructs developed for this project were considered using the Pearson’s r correlation coefficient in Figure 2 below. The results of the survey suggest there is a strong positive relationship between brand satisfaction and the potential for bike sharing to satisfy both latent (Pearson’s r =.826) and expressed needs ofShow MoreRelatedPositive And Negative Impacts Of Daily Moods1138 Words   |  5 Pages Of the TEDS sample, 314 sets of twins, both identical and fraternal, were gathered and permissions were received from guardians. An online questionnaire consisting of 10 questions was created; there were 5 questions for positive affect (assessing the traits active, alert, attentive, determined, and inspired) and 5 questions for negative affect (afraid, ashamed, hostile, nervous, and upset). The items were rated on a 5-point Likert scale, though no specific reasoning for the exact designations wasRead MoreWhat Is Escom Network Performance901 Words   |  4 Pagesquestionnaire. The questionnaire consisted of closed ended questions which were guided by conceptual and empirical literature. Mitchel and Jolley (2004), self-administered questionnaire was easily distributed to a large number of people. The data used both qualitative and quantitative that was used to reduce the weakness of relying on one type of data set. The questionnaire was divided into six sections as shown in appendix V and it was comprised of 36 questions based on the key variables studied in the literatureRead MoreProject Management Plan for Restaurant2935 Words   |  12 PagesAccording to attribute-value theory (Mowen and Minor, 1998), consumers base their choice on different attributes. Consumers may be attracted by price, by quality, by location etc. Consumers weigh up the overall value in terms of the presence and weight of each attribute. A favorable overall attitude is expected to result in repeat business. Over the last decades, several studies on market segmentation in the hospitality sector have demonstrated that consumers’ requirements of hospitality services differRead MoreSmartphone Usage Among Students9120 Words   |  37 Pagessmartphones by students such as to use it as a medium of learning. On the others hand, negative attitude such as to abuse the use of smartphone will develop negative effects to the users such as incompetent and unable to meet deadlines and reduces the productivity which will affect the user overall daily routine. The next question that we want to research is on whether perceived behavioural control can influence the intention to use smartphones. Perceived behavioural control is an individual’sRead MoreSocial Networking Site14603 Words   |  59 Pagesvary in the extent to which they incorporate new information and communication tools, such as mobile connectivity, blogging and photo/ video-sharing. Besides that, a social networking site is just a means for building these social networks. These sites are made up of some web representation for each network member (a profile) a list of their links or interests, and some kind of kook or gimmick to set that particular site apart from the crowd. A lot of social networking sites start to appear fromRead MoreEffectiveness of Celebrity Endorsements for Non-Profit Organization7714 Words   |  31 Pagesrelated factors influence donor/volunteer perceptions of the non-profit organization endorsed. RBUS2900 Business Research Method Assignment 2 Part B EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This proposal is written to address the concerns of PeTA in investigating the effect that celebrity endorsers have on the organisation that they endorse. In particular, three aspects of the celebrity will be analysed. Firstly, due to the high number of advertisement used by PeTA that feature near nude celebrities, this paper willRead MoreValidity and Reliability of the Job Content Questionnaire in Formal and Informal Jobs in Brazil6188 Words   |  25 Pages9; informal jobs: c=34.5). The averages of the Portuguese JCQ scales did not differ substantially from those obtained in other European, North American, and Japanese studies, albeit they were slightly lower in the Brazilian case. In general, Cronbach’s alpha coefficients revealed performance similar to other large-sample studies, showing acceptable internal consistency. The coefficients were relatively similar for formal and informal jobs. Factor analysis revealed high consistency with the theoreticalRea d MorePurpose. The Purpose Of This Non-Experimental Communication2526 Words   |  11 Pagesaccomplish set goals (Babcock-Roberson and Strickland, 2010). Transformational Leadership James MacGregor Burns first introduced transformational leadership concept in 1978. He first defined leadership as a process that, â€Å"leaders and followers raise each other to higher levels of morality and motivation† (Coppola Ledlow, 2014. p. 119). Burns believed that transformational leaders demonstrate vision, empathy, they are self-assured, committed, and they have the ability to help others achieve theirRead MoreI Routinely Declare My Belief That Trustworthy Relationships1329 Words   |  6 PagesFor more information, if you’re interested, please see the end of this discussion for more information regarding these two theories. According to Creswell, when a theory becomes a framework for an entire study, it becomes a model for the research questions or hypothesis and for the procedures used for data collection (Creswell, 2014). All four hypotheses corroborates the study’s framework. I created a visual depiction or flow chart to understand the how the hypotheses were intertwined. This providedRead MoreThe Effects Of Physical Activity On College Students2113 Words   |  9 Pagesperceived stress because of their class work. Ninety undergraduate students participated in a survey after signing a consent form; the survey included demographic questions, a Perceived Stress Scale, and a Habitual Physical Activity Questionnaire. Questions regarding their stress levels in the past month and how much physical activity each participant engaged in in the past 12 months were asked in the survey. Using linear regression, the results showed that the more strenuous physical activity undergraduate

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

An Article on Latest Fashion Trend Free Essays

Latest Fashion Trend in Bangladesh-A Perspective Study Fashion changes with the march of time in modern ages throughout the world. What is fashion today becomes past tomorrow and new and new fashions emerge. Evidently fashion becomes modern and ultra modern day by day. We will write a custom essay sample on An Article on Latest Fashion Trend or any similar topic only for you Order Now Bangladesh is no exception of that change of fashion. Obviously we have to study fashion changes in Bangladesh. We know fashion is a combination of styles right from the hair down to the everyday wears including shoes. Modern changes of wears and dresses have remarkably been observed throughout Bangladesh. Women of all ages choose a fashionable and trendy wear now-a-days. They look for loose wears which is colorful but comfortable. Now is the trend for fashionable wears with variety of piping. As ceremonial dress women prefer gorgeous dresses and sarees of chiffon and muslin with blouses of various cuts and designs befitting to saree-wears. Along with three quarter salwar, women are also wearing dividers and salwar with piping. These fashions are growing popular day by day. Short kameez is out and long kameez has again revived their early place. With long kameez are added long or three quartered sleeves. In university campus, offices and parties, long kameez and leggings are preferred by women of all ages. Floral prints, yokes, laces and embroidery on long kameez are also very popular now. In the same contrast color there is variety in dresses and wears. Of the casual dresses women prefer kurta and tops along with jeans and leggings. Kaaftan is now growing famous in ladies wears. Cap sleeve, bell sleeve, kimono sleeve, mutton lake sleeve cuts are given to dress sleeves. In case of neck designs various changes and cuts are also observed. Kameez, kurta, skirt or even bags of tie die and boutique are back in modern fashions. Young girls like shoes with jeepers at the heel. They are also wearing flat shoes with churidaars. Ballerina is now on top fashion. It is old fashion to wear heavy ornaments of gold and silver. Time has changed and women prefer pendent with small colorful stones. Earrings are also small and a matching bangle or bracelet in hand. Men are now fashionable and casual in t-shirts and jeans. Shoe styles have also changed. Long pointed shoes are now preferred. Sun glasses of different cuts and styles with colorful glasses are liked by both young men and women. Strap sandals are also a fashion item for the casual wear of men. But for formal wears they like full sleeve shirts with normal pants of different brands and formal shoes. Finally they are out for any occasion with light gel in hair and lot of confidence with a trendy look. We know a thing of beauty is a joy forever. What looks you beautiful, what makes you comfortable and what gives you delights and joy is the fashion. Today’s fashion will be left aside for tomorrow’s incoming styles and fittings. Such is the trend of fashion in Bangladesh which has to walk a long journey ahead. How to cite An Article on Latest Fashion Trend, Essay examples

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Gathers Information Of Unmatched Esteems â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Gathers Information Of Unmatched Esteems? Answer: Introduction Huge information frequently shows the assigned stage of calculations, framework business and innovation that gathers the information of unmatched esteems, assortment and volume. This extraction is finished by huge measure of investigations that are progressed and can parallel calculation. The Big Data sources are various and are in vast number. The sight and sound sensors are circulated more than a few perspectives portable media transmission gadgets, IoT (Internet of Things), business process conveyance and other online applications. These are all hopeful information suppliers. With the expansion of Big Data calculations and advances, are gradually expanding the adequacy in basic leadership in complex groups and association. Yet, the expansion of advantages there are additionally augmentation of malignant advancements that makes dangers to the association. ENISA talks about the above issue in this exploration paper and investigates the parts of both the significance and dangers iden tified with Big Data. This examination and its result depend on work area research and audit of gathering papers, articles, specialized online journals and an assortment of other open wellsprings of data important to Big Data. This report recognizes nusing larger part of sources counseled; the points of interest of every single narrative source counseled amid this examination are accessible on ask Provide a brief overview of the case study and prepare a diagram for the ENISA Big Data security infrastructure. By the circumstance examination of ENISA, relating to Big Data there are elaborations on threats that may occur. There has been exceedingly grabbed balance inside latest couple of years and thus the data gathering and development of information has been required to expect a real part on a couple of new perspectives in the overall population (Marinos, 2013). The point of views that must be made and impacted by the change of information development and Big data supports the security, prosperity security, surroundings and resources that are capable to imperativeness, accurately assess the transport system and insightful urban groups. The potential impact of the Big Data has been perceived by the European Commission by recognizing the indispensable approach in the Big Data. The data is according to the manner that is conceivable to the money related drive in the definitive system (Marinos, Belmonte Rekleitis, 2014). However, increase in the use of this Big Data advancement has moreover a s frequently as conceivable extended the chances of computerized strikes, data breaks and hacking. In the field of science and research there is also an enormous impact of the Big Data that continues rising. Front line and exceptionally novel ICT systems are used as a piece of the approach of Big Data. The additions of this kind of troubles are both inclining the number in complex and impact. By increase in the amount of convenience of Big Data in business and affiliations, the aggressors get spurring powers for making and practices strikes against the examination of Big Data (Fischer 2014). Development has also the ability to be used as a gadget that fights the computerized risks by offering security and insurance specialists that has vital bits of information in event organization and perils. Threats Landscapes ENISA passes on scope of this in the field of Big Data examination, by the commitments from the ENISA Threat Landscape works out. The relevant examination looks at about th e plan, the advantage logical characterization of Big Data, ENISA peril logical order the concentrated on gathering of spectators of Big Data approach, the methodology by which the context oriented examination has been done, openings of the examination in conclusion recommending the approach. Dispersed figuring is depicted as the establishment layer of Big Data system in ENISA. This may meet the structure essential like the flexibility, cost-sufficiency and the ability to scale all over (Marinos, Belmonte Rekleitis, 2014). The security structure of Big Data system in ENISA takes after: Data sources layer: This layer includes spouting data from the sensor, remarkable data sources, and sorted out information like social database, semi-composed and unstructured data. Data storing layer: This data layer is involving considerable grouping of benefits like RDF stores, NoSQL, scattered record structure and NewSQL database, that are sensible for broad number of datasets that consistent accumulating. Integration process layer: the layer stresses with indispensable data having pre-planning operation getting data along these lines joined the datasets into a sorted out casing. Presentation layer: This layer enables the portrayal progresses like web programs, desktop, PDAs and web organizations. Analytics and figuring model layer: This layer encapsulates particular data contraptions like the MapReduce that continues running over the advantages that are secured, includes the model programming and data Management. Out of the Top threats which threat would you regard to be the most significant and why? There are several kind of threats associated with Big Data as per ENISA: Eavesdropping, Interception and Hijacking Sharing of data and leakage of information due to human fault (Barnard-Wills, 2014) Leakage of data by the uses in Web (mainly because of unsecure APIs) Insufficient arranging and plan or incorrect adjustment Data interception Criminal Activity/Abuse Extortion of identity Administration denial Malicious code/movement or programming Utilization and generalization of declaration from rebel Instrumentation misuse /approval of abuse / Unauthorized exercises Disappointment in the process of business (Lvy-Bencheton et al., 2015) Legal Enactment breaches/ Individual data abusing/ Directions or law violation Lacking skills Concurring the examination of the three threats bundles the most essential hazard is the "Listening stealthily, Interception and Hijacking", since the most data and security risks are related to this peril stands up to most prominent inconveniences, like the data ruptures, hacking, advanced ambush and some more. Impacting the most private and grouped resources of the association. The rule strikes by this hazard groups are Leakage of Information/sharing on account of human bungle, Leaks of data by methods for Web applications (unsecure APIs), lacking blueprint and orchestrating or erroneous modification and Interception of information (Cho et al., 2016). The dedication of sharp contraptions and PC organize from the incredible frameworks organization to the Big Data may act assurance concern where a man's region, trade and other lead are recorded deliberately. This threat expert is adversarial in nature. Their goal is basically money related advantage having higher capacity level. Cybe rcriminals can be dealt with on an area, national or even overall level (Scott et al., 2016). These authorities are socially and politically motivated individuals using the framework or the PC system for testing and propelling purposes behind the mischief. Noticeable destinations are generally being engaged nearby information associations and military foundations (Wang, Anokhin Anderl, 2017). Identify and discuss the key Threat Agents. What could be done to minimize their impact on the system? Based on the data provided, discuss the trends in threat probability. As per the ENISA threat Landscape, the risk are depicted as something or someone having better capacity, and reasonable aims may show the risks associated and records past exercise in such manner (Barnard-Wills, Marinos Portesi, 2014). The organization utilizes Big Data applications must have knowledge about the threats that may rise and from which brunch of risk that may occur. Classifications are made by which the threats operators have been isolated in: Organizational: This arrangement suggests the endeavors or affiliations that may attract or change any systems that may be innovative and antagonistic to the wander. These are the undermining hazard administrators having the perspective to amass high ground over the contenders (Brender Markov, 2013). The relationship generally sorts their guideline targets and focusing over the size and sections the endeavors have capacities to the district of vitality, and from the region of imaginative point of view to human building knowledge in the field of dominance. Cyber Criminals: This hazard administrator is undermining in nature. Their goal is basically financial benefit having higher fitness level. Cybercriminals can be dealt with on an adjacent, national or even overall level (Le Bray, Mayer Aubert, 2016). Advanced mental oppressors: The motivation of this hazard administrator can either be religious or political, that expands the development participating in computerized attacks. The targets that are supported by the computerized mental oppressors are on a very basic level completed fundamental structure like in media transmission, imperativeness era or open human administrations system (Olesen, 2016). Content kiddies: These experts use the substance and the tasks made since these are generally bumbling, that strikes the framework or the PC structures and also destinations. Online social software engineers (hacktivists): These masters are socially and politically propelled individuals using the framework or the PC system for disagreeing and propelling explanations behind the damage. Noticeable destinations are generally being engaged close by knowledge associations and military foundations (Bugeja, Jacobsson Davidsson, 2017). Agents: Sometime the laborers for the breaking down of the association get to the association's advantages from inside and therefore hostile and non-adversarial authorities there are both considered as delegrate. This administrator fuses staffs, operational staffs, transitory laborers or security guards of the association (Belmonte Martin et al., 2015). A considerable measure of data is required for this kind of risks, which causes them in setting the suitable strike against the upsides of the association. Nation communicates: these administrators generally have antagonistic capacities in computerized security and may use it over an attempt. How could the ETL process be improved? Discuss. The risks logical classification as made by the ENISA Threat Landscape (ETL) Group and this joins perils that are apropos for the upsides of the Big Data and these can be improves by the going with ways: Tackling Bottlenecks: Creating question, for example, time, number of records orchestrated and use of equipment. Checking what number of focal points each piece of the philosophy takes and address the heaviest one (Rhee et al., 2013). Building realities and estimations in the arranging condition. Wherever your bottleneck might be, take a full breath and jump into the code. The power is in all likelihood going to be with the clients embraced. Load Data Incrementally: Changes stacked inside the old and new information that extras exceedingly arrangements of the present time. It is much hard to execute and consequently clutch the schedule, not relying upon the bother. In this manner the increased stacking can execute the ETL upgrade though these are been sorted out with add up to loads. Partition significant tables: The utilization of broad social database that may upgrade the data taking care of windows can be allocated tremendous tables. Means slash huge tables that are physically littler fundamentally by the date of execution. Each bundle has its own records and the documents tree is shallower accordingly considering snappier access to the data. It in like manner helps in trading the information inside a table smart Meta data operation instead of genuine expansion or eradication of information records. Cut out coincidental data: The social occasion of data however much as could sensibly be normal is basic, may be only one out of every odd one of the data yet rather it is select praiseworthy to enter Business server farm conveyance. In case: BI agents pointless by the furniture model's photo. The main thing that should be changed in the improvement of the ETL execution, sitting down and nature definitely that the data must be arranged and left unessential sections/lines out. It is a decent arrangement to start little and create with the development instead of making a nonsensical arrangement that may take ages to get execute. Cache the data: It is plausible for the save data to quicken fundamentally since get to memory performs speedier than the hard drives. It is to be noticed that putting away is compelled by the most preposterous measure of memory your apparatus bolster, so it is difficult to fit every one of the plastics information. Process in parallel: Other than serial planning, change of benefits is basic by parallel alteration the entire time. These techniques can scale up by updating the CPU, yet simply up to an obliged part. There can be better courses of action too. Use Hadoop: Apache Hadoop writing computer programs is an open source library including programming organization that allows the scattering method of significant game plans of data over the groups of PCs by using clear program models. It has been proposed that scales up from one-to-various machines that is, from single server to various distinctive machines and even servers storing and estimation (Skopik, Settanni Fiedler, 2016). To sum up, should ENISA be satisfied with its current state of IT Security? Why? Or Why not? As indicated by the ENISA Big Data there are few concentrates on the security structure: For the application level to the framework tradition the trusted sections may constantly be used as a piece of all levels of the information structure, which are by and large in perspective of the key organization and the most grounded methodology to encode (Karchefsky Rao, 2017). A bit of the instances of this trusted establishment are secure correspondence traditions, approval structure open key establishment parts and some more. It is major for the relationship to assert a place stock in establishment, to such a degree, to the point that to amass the information security on the commence of the wellbeing exertion at each level and thusly giving the approval structures and assistants with trust in worth trades, affiliation and electronic imprints. As the ENISA elucidated, there would be an extraordinary potential impact on increase in the gathering of data in appropriated registering for the developers, since there is constantly a probability for abuse of private and individual information. The computerized guilty parties routinely store malwares in the framework system or may use the phase to dispatch an attack for their own advantage. As a creating security issue immense data is on the most noteworthy need on the rundown as a comprehensively spreading result of dispersed figuring, social developments and other web enrollments. This has transformed into an as of late creating security issue. The data assurance is generally affected by mishandling this colossal data by unapproved customers. In any case, if there ought to be an event of promotion, tremendous data manhandle may welcome new sorts of strike vectors. There are some difficulties that has been distinguished in the arrangement of surety system in Big Data. Troubles must need data security, control accessibility of data and data filtering (Lykou, 2016). As said by the ENISA there are a couple of issues regarding monster measure of data control that is past the getting ready vitality of things in Security information and Event Management (SIEM). ENISA is happy and content with its present region of IT Security. There are gaps in data protection in view of the perils and mystery of sensor data streams. In occasions of character blackmail, the development got and the Big Data examination helps in empowering the security intrusion by invigorating the typical frameworks and on also investigate in the required fields. In year 2009 the ENISA has invigorated and overview the perils and favorable circumstances for higher reflection to the current situation of the affiliation. It has been perceived that the basic peril that is by using disseminated figuring has not changed yet rather there has been a decision of imitating the threats having the purpose of making the delineations much uniform. There has been an introduction of genuine and data security parts of Big Data and conveyed figuring. There is a continuation of checking the change related to the perils and threat of disseminated figuring and as requirements be revive the Risk Assessment (Lvy-Bencheton et al., 2015). Conclusion This report goes for researching the way that imaginative progress for immense data can meet and consolidate inventive movements in security. This should not be considered as a thorough presentation of all open and possible procedures, yet rather as an attempt to take this trade a phase forward and to associate with each and every noteworthy accomplice in a more humanistic data security driven examination change in Big Data. But as a suggest as well as conclusion of this research there are some key points that are to be identified and highlighted, such as there is a requirement to increase awareness and hence educate the users and SMEs on cloud security. Thus, by implementation of rapid monitoring mechanism, increasing accountability by the evidence-based assurance certification and solution so, the transparency of the cloud service should be improved. There is also a need of flexible policy approach over the clod service and security that may help in the advancement of the technolog y. Data protection is also considered as the most important part hence implementation of the techniques and rules must be given importance, along with Government clods that gives a lot of benefits to the security of cloud. Hence as explained before with the increase in the complex sectors there is a requirement to elaborate the security measures and hence some the specific assessment of risks associated. References Barnard-Wills, D. (2014). ENISA Threat Landscape and Good Practice Guide for Smart Home and Converged Media.ENISA (The European Network and Information Security Agency). Barnard-Wills, D., Marinos, L., Portesi, S. (2014). Threat landscape and good practice guide for smart home and converged media.European Union Agency for Network and Information Security, ENISA. Belmonte Martin, A., Marinos, L., Rekleitis, E., Spanoudakis, G., Petroulakis, N. E. (2015). Threat Landscape and Good Practice Guide for Software Defined Networks/5G. Brender, N., Markov, I. (2013). Risk perception and risk management in cloud computing: Results from a case study of Swiss companies.International journal of information management,33(5), 726-733. Bugeja, J., Jacobsson, A., Davidsson, P. (2017, March). An analysis of malicious threat agents for the smart connected home. InPervasive Computing and Communications Workshops (PerCom Workshops), 2017 IEEE International Conference on(pp. 557-562). IEEE. Cho, H., Yoon, K., Choi, S., Kim, Y. M. (2016). Automatic Binary Execution Environment based on Real-machines for Intelligent Malware Analysis.KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices,22(3), 139-144. Fischer, E. A. (2014). Cybersecurity Issues and challenges: in brief. Gorton, D. (2015). IncidentResponseSim: An agent-based simulation tool for risk management of online Fraud. InSecure IT Systems(pp. 172-187). Springer, Cham. Karchefsky, S., Rao, H. R. (2017). Toward a Safer Tomorrow: Cybersecurity and Critical Infrastructure. InThe Palgrave Handbook of Managing Continuous Business Transformation(pp. 335-352). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Le Bray, Y., Mayer, N., Aubert, J. (2016, April). Defining measurements for analyzing information security risk reports in the telecommunications sector. InProceedings of the 31st Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing(pp. 2189-2194). ACM. Lehto, M. (2015). Phenomena in the Cyber World. InCyber Security: Analytics, Technology and Automation(pp. 3-29). Springer International Publishing. Lvy-Bencheton, C., Marinos, L., Mattioli, R., King, T., Dietzel, C., Stumpf, J. (2015). Threat landscape and good practice guide for internet infrastructure.Report, European Union Agency for Network and Information Security (ENISA). Lvy-Bencheton, C., Marinos, L., Mattioli, R., King, T., Dietzel, C., Stumpf, J. (2015). Threat landscape and good practice guide for internet infrastructure.Report, European Union Agency for Network and Information Security (ENISA). Lykou, G. (2016). Critical Infrastructure Protection: Protecting Public Welfare finance. Marinos, L. (2013). ENISA Threat Landscape 2013: Overview of current and emerging cyber-threats. Heraklion: European Union Agency for Network and Information Security Publishing. doi, 10, 14231. Marinos, L., Belmonte, A., Rekleitis, E. (2014). ENISA Threat Landscape Report 2013.European Union Agency for Network and Information Security. Marinos, L., Belmonte, A., Rekleitis, E. (2014). ENISA Threat Landscape 2015.Heraklion, Greece: ENISA. doi,10, 061861. Olesen, N. (2016). European Public-Private Partnerships on Cybersecurity-An Instrument to Support the Fight Against Cybercrime and Cyberterrorism. InCombatting Cybercrime and Cyberterrorism(pp. 259-278). Springer International Publishing. Rhee, K., Won, D., Jang, S. W., Chae, S., Park, S. (2013). Threat modeling of a mobile device management system for secure smart work.Electronic Commerce Research,13(3), 243-256. Scott, K. (2016, November). Phobic Cartography: a Human-Centred, Communicative Analysis of the Cyber Threat Landscape. Skopik, F., Settanni, G., Fiedler, R. (2016). A problem shared is a problem halved: A survey on the dimensions of collective cyber defense through security information sharing. Computers Security, 60, 154-176. Wang, Y., Anokhin, O., Anderl, R. (2017). Concept and use Case Driven Approach for Mapping IT Security Requirements on System Assets and Processes in Industrie 4.0.Procedia CIRP,63, 207-212.

Wednesday, April 1, 2020

Locke Essays (2480 words) - Empiricists, Empiricism, Epistemologists

Locke I. General Notions Francis Bacon and Thomas Hobbes were not truly conscious of the phenomenalistic consequences of their theory of knowledge, which was based on empiricism. Both considered sensation as phenomenal presentations and also as representations of reality. Thus they still had something upon which to build an absolute metaphysics. With Locke gnosiological phenomenalism enters its critical phase. By considering sensations merely as subjective presentations, Locke gives us a theory of knowledge of subjective data devoid of any relation with external objects. Hence Locke is the first to give us a logic for Empiricism, that is, for sensations considered as phenomena of knowledge. Such an attitude excludes any consistent metaphysics of objective reality. Locke, however, overlooking everything he has established in his solution to the problem of knowledge, gives us a metaphysics which is not greatly different from the scholastic. He even appeals to the familiar principles of Scholasticism, showing how difficult it is for man to withdraw from the philosophy of being. Berkeley, first, and then David Hume went all the way and reduced being to the status of a subjective phenomenon. In so doing, these two philosophers merely drew the logical conclusions of the gnosiological phenomenalism proposed by John Locke. II. Life and Works John Locke was born in 1632 at Wrington, Somersetshire, England. He studied philosophy and the natural sciences at Oxford, and received his doctorate in medicine. Having entered into the graces of Lord Ashley, who later became the Earl of Shaftesbury, Locke held several political offices. Thus he had the opportunity to visit France, where he made the acquaintance of the most representative men of culture. In 1683 he went into exile in Holland; there he participated in the political movement that placed William of Orange upon the throne of England. After the accession of William of Orange, he returned to England, retired to private life, and dedicated himself to his studies. He died in 1704. Locke is a representative of the English culture of his time. With a mind open to the most varied problems, Locke was a philosopher, a doctor of medicine, and educator, a politician and a man of action. Locke's principal works, in chronological order, are: Treatises on Government; Essay Concerning Human Understanding (his masterpiece); Thoughts on Education. III. Epistemology: Origin of Knowledge Descartes had admitted that some some ideas are innate in the intellect. Locke dedicated the first book of his Essay Concerning Human Understanding to a refutation of Descartes' innatism. If we had innate ideas, says Locke, we would be conscious of having them. But it is an undeniable fact that children, savages, the unlearned, are not conscious of having innate ideas; they acquire knowledge during the course of a lifetime. It is impossible that anyone should have knowledge of something of which he is not conscious. Furthermore, experience teaches that certain moral principles and the notion of God, far from being innate, vary with different people and at different times. Hence there exists no innate idea; our intellect, at the first moment of its being, is a tabula rasa, a clean sheet of paper on which nothing has yet been written. All impressions we later find thereon (which for Locke are ideas) come from experience. Locke's ideas are not to be confused with Aristotle ideas, but are to be taken in the sense of representations, or better, of presentations. Locke explains that experience is twofold: external and internal. ? External experience, called sensation, gives us ideas of supposed external objects, such as color, sound, extension, motion. etc. Locke says supposed objects, since their existence has not been proved. (In a theory of knowledge limited to the experience of mental content, such as that of Locke, it is utterly impossible to prove the actual existence of these supposed objects.) ? Internal experience, called reflection, makes us understand the operation of the spirit on the objects of sensation, such as knowing, doubting, believing and so forth. In regard to the ideas furnished by sensation, it is necessary to distinguish the primary qualities (solidity, extension, figure, number, motion, etc.), which are objective, from the secondary qualities (color, sounds, etc.), which are subjective in their effect and objective in their cause. In other words the secondary qualities are powers for producing various sensations in

Sunday, March 8, 2020

Karma And Samsara Essays - Shabda, Reincarnation, Karma In Hinduism

Karma And Samsara Essays - Shabda, Reincarnation, Karma In Hinduism Karma And Samsara The belief in Karma and Samsara form the basis for the Hindus religious worldview. It has been central to Hinduism for thousands of years, and as a result forms a major part in the philosophical thinking of many Hindus today. The ideas of Karma and Samsara are evident in almost all of the great Hindu scriptures, being touched on in the Vedas, but first properly introduced in the Upanishads. When the idea of Samsara was first introduced it led to a quest for liberation through the practice of austerity or meditation or both. To be released form this life the Hindus needed to wipe out the effects of their past actions or Karma. It is this set of beliefs that formed the background of many of Hindus religious movements and beliefs. Karma is the belief according to which a persons future life is determined by past and present actions. Every action, bodily, intellectual or ethical, good or bad, big or small will have its effect. Nothing other than the effects of earlier actions has determined the present state of affairs and nothing other than the present actions will determine the future circumstances. The law of Karma allows no room for chance or divine intervention as everything is inevitably determined by it. The Brhardaranyaka Upanisad simply sates By good actions one becomes good, by bad actions one becomes bad(4.4.5) (Koller 1982: 59). Intertwined with belief in Karma is the idea of Samsara, which is the cycle of repeated births and deaths that subjects an individual not merely to one death but to innumerable deaths (Koller 1982:9). Hindus believe that as a person dies the Atman (the unconscious, immaterial part of a human) carries the results of their good and bad actions (Karma) into their next existence. This previous Karma will determine what sort of position a Hindu will occupy in their new existence, for example, if a person in a low caste has been very good in their past existence they will be born into a higher caste in their next life. The ideas of Karma and Samsara have justified the unequal Caste system, which has been an integral part of Indian society for hundreds of years. At the time of the Rig Veda (the earliest Hindu scriptures around 1000 B.C.E) (Smart 1989: 60) the key concepts of Karma and Samsara had not actually been stated. However, it does mention that a persons conduct in this world determines his life after death. The brahmins (the religious leaders) stressed the importance of the sacred act of sacrificing which was supposed to have a bearing on mans fate in the next world, and consequently the Satapatha Brahmana 11.1.8,6, states that the Sacrifice becomes the self of the sacrificer in the next world(Stutley 1985: 23). So, even at this early stage of Hinduism, the idea of Karma played an important role in the Hindus worldview. It was not until the Upanishads (the principal ones dating from 800-400B.C.E) (Smart 1989:49) that we first meet with the doctrines of Karma and Samsara. The Upanishads are concerned essentially with the meaning of the sacrificial rites, and come to the conclusion that knowledge in the true reality is the key rather than expertise in rituals like the Rig Vedas were. In the process they introduce profound metaphysical and religious ideas, such as Karma and Samsara. The Chandogya Upanisad sums up the ideas of Karma and Samsara those who are of pleasant conduct here the prospect is indeed that they will enter a pleasant womb, either the womb of a Kshatriya or the womb of a Vaisya (high Indian Castes). But those who are of a striking conduct here the prospect is indeed, that, they will enter the womb of a dog, or the womb of a swine, or the womb of an outcast(Lipner 1994: 45). The central concept in the Upanishads is that of Brahman. Brahman is the highest truth, the eternal being on which all other beings depend on. Brahman is the same as the atman, in other words, that ultimate being out there, is the same as that eternal something within you. The goal for many Hindus became at this time to gain Moksha (release from Samsara) which

Thursday, February 20, 2020

The Economic Dragons Threatening Our World Research Paper

The Economic Dragons Threatening Our World - Research Paper Example Offhand our exercise looks easy, but it is not, and this judgment has less to do with the dearth of facts than with the basic givens. â€Å"A rich East Asian nation with a pegged currency fixed to the US dollar for ten years, supported by a monetary policy of tight capital outward flows and unrestricted inflows is experiencing an upward pressure on the exchange rate.† The question remains: what to do now? Deciding on a strategy depends on a clear understanding of the world’s monetary system, the role that exchange rates play, how they are determined, and what will happen if we do nothing. As Robert Solomon said (1977, cited in Samuelson, 1992): The world’s monetary system is like the traffic lights in a city, taken for granted until it begins to malfunction and to disrupt people’s lives†¦A well-functioning monetary system will facilitate international trade and investment and smooth adaptation to change. A monetary system that functions poorly may not only discourage the development of trade and investment among nations but subject their economies to disruptive shocks when necessary adjustments are prevented or delayed. The world’s monetary system refers â€Å"to the set of policies, institutions, practices, regulations, and mechanisms that determine the rate at which one currency is exchanged for another† (Shapiro, 1996). It is the coordinated way each nation manages its supply of money so that we can buy and sell each other’s goods, doing business by exchanging pieces of paper, the value of which we agree on called money.

Tuesday, February 4, 2020

Social Media Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 3

Social Media - Essay Example On the other hand, companies are able to create pages in these social networking sites, where customers are able to access information, which is significant for mediating marketing. Therefore, social media harnesses and promotes effective communication among customers and the company offering various products. There some of the negative influences of social media to the company, whereby it can make information that the company does not want to reach customers to be viral (Associated press, 2012). Therefore, the company can suffer from negative publicity due to negative reviews from a single customer. For example, a customer may be impatient about delivery of certain foods or services that they have ordered online, and they may result to making negative reviews about the company. In fact, this would result to negative publicity, which makes potential customers lose confidence on the company, however, this problem can be resolved by ensuring that content posted on the company account has been regulated, whereby only the reviews that has been approved can be displayed in order to avoid ruining the company’s

Monday, January 27, 2020

Importance of Integrated Marketing Communications

Importance of Integrated Marketing Communications This research will be dedicated to the subject area of Integrated Marketing communications and will investigate the planning and execution of marketing communication strategies. The proposed tittle of the dissertation is: An investigation of contemporary approaches in managing marketing communication strategies to forge brand awareness and to build strong brand-consumer relationship through the use of Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC). A case study of Indian Companies. Marketing Communications are the means by which firms attempt to inform, persuade, and remind consumers- directly or indirectly- about the products and brands they sell. Kotler and Keller (2009). In accordance to this definition, Integrated Marketing Communications (IMC) can be characterised as a concept that focuses on identifying and developing strategy with the right combination of marketing channels to forge a stronger brand-consumer relationship. 2. Aims and Objectives for the Research (Background and Issue/Issues underlying the research)? Aims It is important for any organisation to notify consumers about its products and brands exploiting different means and to market their products. However, the development such marketing strategies rebuffs the existence of significant factors and assumes that the process is flexible enough to cope with any adversities that are expected in the real world. However, the aim of this dissertation will be to demonstrate that this assumption is wrong and the situation is indeed a significant aspect in the selection and configuration of the marketing communication strategies. The dissertation will critically reflect on the methods followed by organisations and will attempt to formulate a situational approach in developing an effectual marketing communication program. Objectives The objectives of this research would be: Outlining the role and relevance of Integrated Marketing communications in establishing stronger brand-consumer relationship. Critically evaluating the development of an analytical framework of various Integrated Marketing communications tools for planning communication strategy. Examining the effects of information provided by the marketers on customers attitudes towards a product or brand. To propose a set of best practices that lead to the development of an effective marketing campaign by a situational combination of different elements of the examined models. 3. Literature Review that will provide the academic underpinning: The literature discusses Integrated Marketing Communication to be a concept which is designed to make all the aspects of the marketing communications such as advertising, direct marketing, personal selling, etc. to work as a unified force rather than permitting them to work in isolation. Kotler and Keller (2009) define Marketing Communications as the means by which firms attempt to inform, persuade, and remind consumers-directly or indirectly-about the products and brands they sell. In addition to this, they view integrated marketing communication as the personification of a company and its brand which possesses a message and builds relationship with the consumers. Kotler and Armstrong, 2008 also comes to the conclusion that the objective of marketing communications is to ensure the consistency of message with complimentary use of media. Kotler and Keller, 2009 states that Integrated Marketing Communications helps in building brand equity by portraying the brand in the minds of the potential consumers and forming a brand image. Kotler and Armstrong (2008), claims that conflicting messages from a wide range of media mix and communication approaches creates confusion in the consumers mind about the companys image, brand positions, and customer relationships. They also maintain, Integrated Marketing Communications leads to a total marketing communication strategy aimed at building strong brand-consumer relationships by creating awareness of the brand among the consumers and linking it to the right associations to the brand image in the their memory. Kotler and Keller (2009) argue that to reinforce the prestigious image of a product or brand, a well-chosen formulation of Integrated Marketing Communications platforms is important. The marketers must seek and co-ordinate the messages from a variety of different sources (Yeshin, 1998). Yeshin further extended that there must be a feedback mechanism between all the elements of the communication strategy and the development inputs of the communication strategy must be chosen in a way that fulfil the promotional objectives established for the campaign. Percy (2008) recognized the integrated use several of marketing communication tools as the largest and fastest growing form of marketing communication which the company uses to introduce or to strengthen its product or brand in the market place. Onkvisit and Shaw cited in Blythe (2003) states that customers attitude is the learned inclination to respond time to time in a favourable or unfavourable way towards that particular product. Opinion towards a product or brand can be considered as a measure of how much a person likes or dislikes a brand (Pelsmacker, Geuens and Bergh, 2001). They describe the reason for these brand attitudes is the belief that the more favourable the brand attitudes are, the more likely the purchase of a brand becomes. Cognitive orientation, based on an information-processing, problem-solving and reasoning approach of human beings, considers the consumers to be an adaptive problem solver, who uses the information provided through various channels to conceptualize and acquiring knowledge (Fill, 2002). It appears that many of the motives for purchase are driven deeply by information provided by the marketers explaining that how the use of a particular product or brand can solve a specific problem, which is also supported by Fill (2002). Developing effective communications begins with identifying the target audiences, their objectives, designing messages, selecting the channels and establishing the budget (Kotler and Keller, 2009). Furthermore, they maintains that most effective communication plan focuses on achieving multiple objectives such as brand awareness, brand attitude, brand purchase intention, etc. The targeted audiences have critical impact on the marketers decisions about what will be said, how, where, when and who will say it (Kotler and Armstrong, 2008). Harmonizing to Kotler and Keller (2009), Kotler and Armstrong suggest that feedback also plays an important role in making a communication strategy more effective. Marketers need to know where the target audiences now stand and to what stage they need to be moved (Kotler and Armstrong, 2008). Researches indicate that the best communication program ask questions and allow readers and viewers to form their own conclusions (Kotler and Keller, 2009). 4. Sources of data/information you anticipate using: The selection of resources has been limited by the fact that there is no financial support available. For my project, I will use the following resources: Personal Network: My professional experience put me into the position of having a well-populated address book in hand. I have identified a group of individuals, who not only have the required level of expertise but might also want to participate in my project because they are interested in the subject. The information will be sourced from three directors, two general managers, four marketing managers of the companies listed below: Schà ¶n Ultrawares Pvt. Ltd., India. Tulip 3P Media Pvt. Ltd., India. Daksh Tools and Appliances Pvt Ltd., India. Libraries: There are university library and several public libraries, I have access to. In addition university library offers a nation-wide inter library loan service. Association for Computing Machinery: This special interest group for computer professionals provides several valuable resources. Most of them can be directly accessed online via the Digital Virtual Library. 5. Access/Research Ethics: I will confirm the Chairman, Directors and Marketing managers of the company clearly and in advance of the purpose of my research. I will ensure that they understand that I am collecting data for my Masters research. I will notify them that the data will only be published in my Dissertation. I will do this on email. I will also report them on email that the identity of the Company as well as their identities will not be revealed in my Dissertation. I will do this by speaking with the Directors and the marketing manager and also emailing them. I will also advise them that their views will not be read by other respondents in the Company. In this way, I will ensure confidentiality. 6. Possible techniques to be used for data/information analysis/interpretation: Several factors call for an inductive approach for this research. The limited resources do not permit an exhaustive data collection as required for a quantitative analysis. At the same time, the differences in the Integrated Marketing Communication programs across organisations suggest a qualitative analysis that can take into account the particular set of circumstances under which the data has been collected (Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, 2009). In this respect the aim of the dissertation will be addressed through desk research and structured interviews. The desk research will involve critical evaluation on the readings from text books and articles from journals, newspapers and magazines, etc. written by the academics and practitioners related to the underpinnings of the basic theories and management of Integrated Marketing Communications. Data collection will consists of gathering information from directors, general managers and marketing managers. The research will incorporate interviews to identify the groundwork, beliefs and attitudes of the marketing personnel regarding the use of various platforms in their marketing strategies. Data generated from this research will be recorded, summarized using the content analysis technique and will be compared to the data by other studies, the results of which are presented in the literature. 7. Potential Outcomes of your piece of research: The outcomes of the research would be: Finding out and understanding the underpinnings of the marketing strategy of the Indian companies and the practices performed by them in regard to the use of the various Integrated Marketing Communication platforms to make customers aware about their products, brands and services. Comparing the practices of the companies with those of theoretical models proposed by the academics and practitioners to find out how the company performs in relation to the model. Recommendations on the strategies of the company as to whether they should stick with the same methods or how can they improve the quality of their strategies in spreading awareness through Integrated Marketing Communication platforms. 8. Timetable for your research covering the whole period of time available (by month) as below: Time Frame Activity March Refine research objectives. Some part of reading for literature review. April Deciding the structure of the literature review. Finalizing access arrangements. May Deciding on interview dates. Deciding on data for the questionnaires. June Finish reading for literature review. Begin writing chapter-1. Writing chapter-2. July Designing the questionnaire. Designing the interview structure. Designing how to analyze secondary data. Writing chapter-3. Beginning the interviews. Sending out questionnaires. August Finishing collecting data. Analyzing data. Writing chapter-4. Begin writing chapter-5. September Finishing chapter-5. Reviewing other chapters. Applying final changes. Proof reading. Submission of Dissertation.

Sunday, January 19, 2020

Science Today and Human Cloning Essays -- Biology Research Essays

Science Today and Human Cloning Nowadays, we are being constantly fed with the prophecy that molecular biology is the next revolutionary "wave" replacing information technology which has changed the way we live in the past 50 years. The past decade has seen scientists making significant breakthroughs in this field to start the current biotechnology hype. One defining achievement was the cloning of a sheep named Dolly by Dr. Ian Wilmut of Roslin Institute in 1996. This historic success debunked previous biology myth that adult cells have lost their totipotent abilities exhibited during early-stage embryonic stage. Now, it is possible for us to use the cells from an adult organism to create another genetically identical organism. This success has also attracted much attention from scientists and laypeople alike as Dolly is the first mammal to be cloned. Suddenly it seems like science fiction story of cloning people has become not-so-distant possibility. Although other animals such as frogs have been cloned successful ly years before the birth of Dolly, but among all the successes in cloning, the ewe is the most closely related to humans in the biological hierarchy. Now it seems like human cloning is just a step away from us, technologically speaking. The possibility of cloning humans has sparked much debate among scientists, ethicists and even politicians, who are worried about the possible impacts of human cloning in future. At the moment, there is wide consensus that we are not ready to clone humans yet due to problems such as religious violation or lack of knowledge to conduct a successful human cloning experiment. However, recent developments implied that we are powerless to stop individuals from continuing their private ... ...s whether this knowledge opened a new path to our utopian dreams or nudged us a step closer to our own hell. References Cloning The First Human http://www.bbc.co.uk/science/horizon/2001/cloningfirst.shtml Horizon. 25 October 2001. Criminal investigation into Korean human cloning http://www.newscientist.com/hottopics/cloning/cloning.jsp?id=ns99992599 New Scientist. 26 July 2002. Clonaid http://www.clonaid.com 2002. Is Human Cloning an Inevitability? http://www.observer.co.uk/international/story/0,6903,648024,00.html Time.com. August 4 2002. A Clone in Sheep's Clothing http://www.sciam.com/article.cfm?articleID=0009B07D-BD40-1C59-B882809EC588ED9F Scientific American.Com. 03 March 1997. Information on Cloning and Nuclear transfer http://www.ri.bbsrc.ac.uk/library/research/cloning/cloning.html Roslin Institute Online. 03 April 2000.

Saturday, January 11, 2020

The Reflective Manager

The Reflective Manager Abstract Reflection and the effect of its application in relation to organization learning have attracted a growing attention. It is recognized that reflection is the vital content for either individuals or organizations learning process. It is believed that reflection is a very important component to accomplish successful working behavior. Moreover, reflection is the crucial practice in the process of exploiting learning organizations. In this report, the concepts of reflection and critical reflection will be discussed and the reflection in practice within organizations will be investigated as well.In addition, the emphasis of the article is the application of reflection and reflection practice on organizations. The objective of the report is to evaluate the application of reflection theory and to research what is the impact of practicing reflection on organizations. Keywords: Reflection, critical reflection, organization learning, working behavior, reflection practice Introduction More and more people nowadays pay their interest in the application reflection and critical reflection in an organization.The concepts of reflection and critical reflection are not specific but there are no common and recognized definition for reflection and critically reflection. Based on the purpose of investigation how reflection and practice reflection affect and enhance organizational activities and performance, reflection many general defined as the learning theories involve a review of one’s experience and an analysis of thinking and action while the description of critical reflection in accordance with recognizing one’s self objective and interests and learning about assumptions, background and performance enhanced oriented actions.As early as in 1983, Schon firstly brought the concept of reflection into the professional area and gave the definition of reflective practice said the application of knowledge to practice with the consideratio n of self-experiences. Reflection acts the most important role in converting one’s experience into knowledge according to Kolb’s research on experiential learning (Kolb, 1984). Reynolds pointed out in 1998 that form that time on, reflection was deemed to be the essential part in the process individual and organization learning, particularly when with reference to learning as exploitation rather than deriving information.The difference between information and knowledge is that knowledge is integrated information with experience, judgment and skills. Reflection persistently turns out as a recommended method of assisting individuals and organizations know better about what they do and understand in practice of the knowledge that learned from practice (Loughran, 2002). Reflective practice is a vital element of lots of occupations courses while the critical reflection currently becomes a pivotal component of lots of graduate managerial degrees (Swan, Bailey, 2004).Cunliffe stated that managers can exploit more cooperative, reliable moral approaches of management by more critically considering about their conception and action or in another words more critically reflection. It is believed that critical reflection is focused on more interest. The beginning of theory of critical reflection is developed by Jurgen in 1972. In 1999, Brooks stated that critical reflection benefits in enhancing work practices, assessing organizational objectives and policies. He pointed that the basic ability of critical reflection is to critically ask questions.The measurement of whether critical reflection benefit to working practice is a practical approach of evaluating the contribution of critical reflection. A means raised by Argyris and Schon that called double-loop learning offers such evaluation. It can be concluded by questioning critically, sating an opinion and requesting feedback from one’s audience, trying with new working approaches and action and taking new viewpoints. The contemporary collaborative has existed as the crucial way of working relations and acted as the major role in establishing society institution.The corporation between companies has reduced the influence of state, family residential and moral community in order to accomplish a dominant position. The growing influence of Commercial Corporation has restrained the conflicts among different institutional requirement. The practice of commercial corporation suffuse current life by offering individual identity, organizing experience and time, impacting knowledge creation and education and supervising news creation and recreation.Some authors argue that the influence of management on people’s lives and the impact in forming ethic, economic and environmental restrictions is generally too significant for their actions to be directed by a limited, helpful shape of justifiability (Alvesson and Willmott, 1992). Critical refection insists on facing the hided interests an d ideologies and on exploring objectives of questions that contribute to message management thinking and activities.Critical reflection objects to the kinds of conceptions that cultivate the logical necessary of authoritarianism in organizations, the unchallenged value added to gain of economic and the conservation of unfair in treasure and right. Critical reflection challenges compliance to the concepts like unavoidable cost of improvement, general knowledge or reality argued by Collins in 1991. Education originations and individuals that deliberately retain ethically pauperized courses for managers as meriting of defiance and acting in contravention of ones’ self-interests should be criticized and noticed (Reed, Anthony, 1992).Reed and Antony insist that managerial teachers and organizations should encourage mangers to foster the awareness of difficulties that they encountered so as to help them be conscious of self-significance and self-responsibility. Mangers have to be s timulated to consider the uncontrollable sophistication that confronts them without colorable help of skills and objectives. The objective of reflection concerns with the investigation of impact of political and civilizational processes on development and learning being integrated into any kind of managerial education, particularly when authority and franchise are not distributed fairly.Since some people are continuously confront with contempt because of their gender, age and religion while policies of developing and practice are depended on some mechanical measurement, critical reflection should be applied in order to provide wise structure for tough these processes. Critical reflection offers the flexibility based on a more living analysis method. It is apprehensive if managerial education does not involve critical reflection. Reflective practices In order to investigate the impact of reflection on the connection between organization and learning various levels of reflective pract ice will be presented.The connection between practice and reflection has been discovered. There were lots of existing trials to connect various kinds of reflection to organization learning. Mezirow described a detailed scheme that classifies seven levels of reflection. For instance, the first level is reflection form daily experience of one’s awareness of seeing, thinking and action while the last level is critical reflection form consciousness. Jarvis stated that the concept of Mozirow is restricted to the interpretation of individual, numinous conversion but not social transform although it is useful.Other authors stressed that the aim of reflection practice ought to have social activities although it is an in mind process (Kemmis 1985). Kemmis described reflection with three levels, the technical reflection, the practical reflection and finally the critical reflection. For the first level, the technical reflection is problem solving oriented with the process of selecting a vailable approaches to accomplish certain result. For the second level, the practical reflection relates choose the correct and appropriate result. While for the third level, the critical reflection concerns the content of historical thought.It is said that the critical reflection offers the fundamental of a justice society. Similarly, Hindmarsh illustrated three levels of reflection to survey the graduates in transferring from students to occupation employment. Furthermore, to understand the previous reflection practice levels, take the technical reflection, the principle of this level is unquestioned. For instance, students may be required to finishing a specific studying styles questionnaire or the favorite list of the teaching group so as to develop lessons based on personal learning style.While for the practical reflection level, there is still no questioning at this level. For instance, a specific form of learning style may be selected for reason that its fundamental learning principle is sustaining of an organization atmosphere that the course is meant to improve. Finally, at the level of critical reflection, underlying conceptions that become the basis of learning style are suspected form an academic or ethical viewpoint. For instance, this kind of learning style may be selected from a way of comprehending distinction in learning methods and an option made based on more related to supportive research.Alternatively, both of these should be rejected for the consideration of its invalidation to interpret the impact on leaning method of age, gender or class and its original dependence on classing, enhances a possibly discriminatory method of being employing with personal difference. Take group work as an example of reflection practice, it was usually applied in managerial development to enhance combination and intimacy by concentrating basically on personal and interpersonal action, inspiring self-shown and an analysis of individual experience without any gregarious or civilizational interpretation.However, a more critical way can be used by offering a contextualized concentration and designing expositive structures which capacitate a gregarious and moral analysis. All of these examples have elucidated the three levels of reflection. Moreover, Russ and Vince described another three levels of reflection practice. The first level is the individual in an organization, the objective of reflection at this level is to discover and conclude the role than a person act and the organization that manage the presentation of the role.The concentrate on role provides chances for managers to understand the methods their jurisdiction is built and limited in an organization. A role offers the structure that person and organization satisfy. Although the transformation of self-experience declares the peculiarity of the individual, planting personal experience in the role stresses the relationship to the organization. It is not possible that reflection on one’s personal experience will create progress and learning itself.However, it is possible to remind conceptions or power connections into problem at the time when reflection is pursued based on relating person, one’s role and organization in one’s mind (Shapiro, Carr, 1991). The second level is team or sub system, the objective of reflection is to discover and absorb connections between the edges of other and self, and between the edges of branches. The concentrate is on the clannish procedure of belonging, describing, striving for democracy, and the straits concerned with traveling across the edges of various organizations.This provides chances for managers to get experience from the creation of governmental activity with mutual commitment or separation, via corporation and competition, and through organization meshwork or nations. This level of reflection is on sub systems which are usually operated within the branch. Within the entire organization, reflec tions of inter groups of sub systems are more collective which usually break the communication among different components. The third level of reflection is the entire organization, the objective of this reflection is to discover and absorb connections across inside and outside construction.It is in relation to the organizational action produced via personal and mutual authority and flectional experiences. The concentrate is on the process of systematism that the road to create an organization. The reflection at this level is to provide chances for managers to investigate aware and unaware flectional and governmental procedure that draw the organization characteristics. Reflection practice research on a company A company with an expectation of high economic growth and development in generally not likely to encounter commerce failure which produce seldom pressure on mangers.The organization seems not to be confronted with failure and risk and therefore managers are in an environment w ithout risk awareness. Nowadays organizations unawares help to silent or unconfident managers that are afraid of failure and risk hence segregate themselves in a self-empire. In order to deal with such organizational issues, the company has raised an idea of organization learning and learning organization. For example, the staff of the company can profit from training and learning during working.This kind of learning is covered to the entire company and that has affected on its working teams. It leads to the company an improvement in workers attitude and practice as well which indicates the organization is learning. While on account of personal learning all over the company, the influence on the company itself is therefore organization learning. For the company the organizing learning process is hard rather than personal learning. The process is designed started with the creation of the initiative of ‘rebuilt the company’ and hence inspires lots of staff’s enthus iasm.However, new entry employees met the barriers from the power relations like some senior managers which brought some disappointment that resulted in the failure implement of the initiative. Then the company raised a democratic reflection process objected to change the situation, which removed the rooted authority relationships that define the organization. The difficulties the company encountered in learning and change results from managers’ personal cognition of reflection, and the comprehensive organizational dynamic via which these cognitions are produced and enhanced.The personal viewpoints of managers about reflection relates in reality contains keeping away from what is occurring, reconsidering about what was finished and investigating individual thought. The point of reflection is on assessing something from past but not within the present. To conclude, the reflection practice within the company is supposed to be an individual responsibility. It can be described as the work of managers, whether the manager is free so as to consider about the problem or issue and which way the manager sued to deal with the problem.Although these individual reflections from managers can create growth and change for the company, it is the organization success form individual. One failure aspect for the company is that it is lack of the ability to produce a process of organization reflection which will raise the progress from individual to organizational. The limitation of the learning ability for the company should be broken by developing the ability of reflection to an organization level. ConclusionsThis report has an overview of how the application reflection and reflections practice are encouraged and benefit to the organizations for learning, change and critical. In general, the main conclusion is that reflection and reflection practice are the essential components of individual learning and organizational learning and are aspects of competitively advantages . In this report, the concept of reflection has been discussed on the basis of some literature review, and the distinction between reflection and critical reflection has been compared as well.In the section of reflection practice, the report has presented some different description about the levels of reflection practice. In spite of these arguments, reflection practice may be classified from individual oriented to organizational reflection. Reflection is action in mind with the objective of investigating one’s action in a certain situation. It is said that within organization, good staffs are those who are critical reflective. However, with the examination on individual reflection and organization reflection, it shows that there is a difference between them.According to the example given in the previous paragraph, the company relied on individual ability of reflection can be shifted to be depended on the organizational ability of reflection so as to enhance the ability of le arning and changing for the organization. In a word, reflection can benefit to either individual learning or organizing learning but organizations should make more effort to shift the reflection levels so as to get competence and advantage in the global commerce environment. References 1. Argyris, C. and Scho? n, D. A. (1996), Organizational Learning II.Theory, Method, and Practice, Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, New York, NY. 2. Alvesson, M,, & Willmott, H, (1996), Making sense of management: A critical introduction. London: Sage, 3. Cunliffe, A, L, (2004), On becoming a critically reflexive practitioner. Journal of Management Education, 28(4), 407-426, 4. Feminisms and Critical Pedagogy. New York: Routledge. McClaren, P. L. (1987) `Education as Counter Discourse: Towards a Critical Pedagogy of Hope', The Review of Education 13 (1): 58-68. 5. Hoyrup, S. (2004). Reflection as a core process in organisational learning.The Journal of Workplace Learning, 16 (8) pp. 442-454. 6. Kemm is, S. (1985). Action research and the politics of reflection. In D. Boud, R. Keogh, ; D. Walker (Eds. ), Reflection: Turning experience into leaming (pp. 139-163). London: Kogan Page. 7. Kolb, D. A. (1984) Experiential Learning. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Kosmidou, C. and Usher, R. (1992) `Experiential Learning and the Autonomous Subject', in D. Wildermeersch and T. Jansen (eds) Adult Education, Experiential Learning and Social Change. Amsterdam: VUGA/Uitgeverij BV. 8.Loughran, J. J. (2002). Effective reflective practice: In search of meaning in leaming about teaching. Journal of Teacher Education, 53, 33-43. 9. Mezirow, J. (1981) ‘A Critical Theory of Adult Learning and Education', Adult Education 32: 3-24. 10. Steen, H (2004) The Journal of Workplace Learning Vol. 16 No. 8, 2004 pp. 442-454 ‘Reflection as a core process in organisational learning’. 11. Woerkom, M. , Nijhof, W. , & Nieuwenhuis, L. (2002). Critical reflective behaviour: a survey researc h. Journal of European Industrial Training 26 (8) pp. 375-383.

Friday, January 3, 2020

African American Introduction Into Sport s The Civil...

Andrew Reese November 8, 2015 Synthesis Essay African American Introduction into Sport’s: Role in the Civil Right Movement The outbreak of African American’s into the world of sports throughout the 1900’s emerged to have an influential impact on the Civil Right’s movement because they started to move our nation forward as one nation and not a nation separated by race. â€Å"Whether it was a conscious stand or unintentional advocacy, athletes and coaches throughout the past century used their participation in sports to change the racial atmosphere in our country† (The Role of Sports Among the Civil Rights Movement). Athletes became more and more useful in the fight for Civil Rights with more recognition they received in the years to follow†¦show more content†¦Ever since there has been a use for sports, they have always captured the attention from millions of viewers. Even when televisions were not invented, the use of newspapers helped spread the greatness of the early African American athletes. The greatest use for desegregation in sports was used in one of the greatest sports of all time, America’s pastime: Baseball. Baseball has been the most widely played sport since its entrance to North America over 175 years ago. It is also a sport that has almost been around for over 175 years. Baseball was desegregated in 1947, when a man named Jackie Robinson was announced as the starting first baseman for the Brooklyn Dodgers. â€Å"The best example of tactic is also the most well known: Branch Rickey’s â€Å"noble experiment† and the integration of the MLB by Jackie Robinson in 1947† (The Role of Sports Among the Civil Rights Movement). Before Robinson was introduced to the sport, baseball resembled America, a world full of desegregation wherever people went. Baseball was separated into two leagues, the more well- known white league and then the lesser known negro leagues. â€Å"Rickey recognized the power of sports and understood that integration in baseball could be the first step toward integration in society† (The Role of Sports Among the Civil Rights Movement). As more p eople saw Robinson play, the more people liked him and accepted the