Alcohol and Women - 2798 Words

Running head: ALCOHOL AND WOMEN Alcohol and Women Alcohol and Women Throughout history, discussions of and concern about women s drinking have commonly been characterized by distortion, myth, prejudice and stereotyping. Until relatively recently, many studies were male-oriented, and excluded women. Other studies included both genders but often failed to examine possible gender differences in alcohol consumption, alcohol-related behaviours and experiences. The issue, in this context, is what the evidence really shows in relation to drinking and its consequences among women. There is now an impressive body of evidence related to alcohol consumption by women. In spite of this, some issues remain controversial and some of the†¦show more content†¦Lo found that women were less likely than men to be arrested and convicted for driving under the influence (DUI). However, Lo notes that this topic is under-researched, in that most studies of women s drinking and driving have looked only at those arrested and convicted for DUI; such s amples do not necessarily represent the entire pool of women who drink and drive. Moreover, additional research indicates that women represent an increasing proportion of drivers in alcohol -related crashes, despite the fact that absolute numbers of alcohol -involved crashes are still much greater among men (Grant, M. and Litvak, J, 1998). Women s alcohol -related problems differ from men s Women experience different alcohol problems than men. Reporting on findings from her earlier work, Grant, M. and Litvak, J.(1998) found that older alcoholic women were more likely than older alcoholic men to have a family history of alcohol abuse; have a spouse who drinks heavily; feel miserable, lonely, or depressed while drinking; and use prescribed psychoactive medications. Findings from this relatively small study (83 men, 41 women) have been corroborated by other research. For example, in her extensive review of the literature, Wilsnack (1996) also uncovered a strong association between women s drinking and alcohol use by an intimateShow MoreRelatedEssay on Women: Alcohol Addiction 2170 Words   |  9 Pages The alcoholic beverage has remained an established element to society’s social world and has grown into a way of living. As alcohol continues to flourish in its prevalence among citizens of the United States, so d oes the concept of alcohol addiction. A person becomes addicted to alcohol when they â€Å"drink excessively and develops a dependence that results in noticeable mental disturbance, or an interference with bodily and mental health, their interpersonal relations, and their smooth social andRead MoreEffects Of Alcohol On Women s Drinking895 Words   |  4 Pages Alcohol is very popular amongst all ages of women whether they drink before or after 21 years old or. Women are seen as vulnerable and weak, which is a typical stereotype society defines. A reason why women may drink is indefinite. There is not an exact reason why women drink, but there are many reasons why may one drink. Reasons may consist of positivity and/ or negativity for alcohol; however, there are many negative effects on women. Women drink in order to have fun and get loose, or if theyRead MorePrevention of Alcohol Abuse Among Pregnant Women1306 Words   |  5 PagesPrevention of Alcohol abuse among pregnant women Introduction The drug abuse menace has been indicated to be one of the leading factors that negatively affect people at whatever stage of life right from the fetus stage to the fully grown baby and the adulthood. Of greater interest in this case is the persistent and ever increasing abuse of alcohol among other substances among pregnant women and teenagers in particular. There are repercussions that come with the alcohol abuse and there is thereforeRead MoreThe Effects Of Drugs And Alcohol On Pregnant Women And Babies Essay2009 Words   |  9 PagesThe Effects of Drugs and Alcohol on Pregnant Women and Babies When hearing about babies born addicted to drugs or babies born after being previously exposed to alcohol, most people are appalled and slightly outraged. Pregnant women who are exposed to drugs and alcohol are risking the welfare of their unborn child because most everything the mother puts in her body gets passed on to the baby either by passing through the placental barrier or the umbilical cord. Drugs are considered any substanceRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Women And Alcohol A Highland Maya Town 1748 Words   |  7 PagesThe book â€Å"Women and Alcohol in a Highland Maya Town† is a thorough analysis of Chiristine Eber in describing the culture, gender issues, and the drinking alcohol tradition of the Pedranos people living in a highland Chipas community. She mainly aims her discussion toward women in their relationship with men and their daily tasks including nurturing children and working. Eber also represents an in-depth analysis in the drinking tradition of th e Pedranos and the religious fiesta. Eber presents herRead MoreStudy Analysis: Memory Associations Between Negative Emotions and Alcohol on the Lexical Decision Task Predict Alcohol Use in Women771 Words   |  3 PagesAccelerated Learning Memory associations between negative emotions and alcohol on the lexical decision task predict alcohol use in women (Campos-Melady, 2012) is a report of new research that studies the relationship of negative reinforcement and alcohol use in women. This study used the Lexical Decision Task (LDT) to examine the relationship with 78 female participants using alcohol and emotion words in a questionnaire. The introduction and abstracts examine previous research, their methodsRead MoreGender Roles in Christine Ebers Women and Alcohol in a Highland Mayan Town529 Words   |  3 PagesGender Roles in Christine Ebers Women and Alcohol in a Highland Mayan Town It is apparent from Christine Ebers research in her work, Women and Alcohol in a Highland Maya Town, that the gender roles and relations for men and women in the town of Chenalho have gone through somewhat dramatic changes since the 1960s and 1970s. They have gone from clearly defined roles for both men and women, to a more skewed framework that allows for a great deal of gray area. These roles have not only changedRead MoreHow to Prevent Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder1030 Words   |  5 Pages Alcohol is a major part of today’s society. Individuals are constantly being exposed to alcohol on a daily basis by simple commercials on the television or while driving on the highway seeing advertisements of billboards. Alcohol is a dependent substance for many people in society because not only is it a way to release one’s stress, but it is also associated to have a good time with. Attending a holiday party at a family member’s house or a party to celebrate a birth day, alcohol is always involvedRead MoreAlcohol Use For Disease Control And Prevention1446 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Alcohol Use in Pregnancy.† CDC. 17 April 2014. Web. 20 April 2016. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention states that there is no known safe amount of alcohol use during pregnancy or while trying to get pregnant. The article suggests that â€Å"women also should not drink alcohol if they are sexually active and do not use effective contraception (birth control). This is because a women might get pregnant and expose her baby to alcohol before the mother knows she is pregnant.Read MoreThe Prevalence Of The Abuse Of Alcohol Among The Female Population1460 Words   |  6 Pages The misuse of alcohol by the female population This assignment will discuss and evaluate the prevalence of the abuse of alcohol among the female population. It will show the reasons for this behaviour and assess the effects of the misuse on this group of people. Prevention and harm reduction will be evaluated and the philosophy and theory which forms the basis of treatments will also be analysed. Previously, it was the case that men were much more likely to abuse alcohol, as they were much

The Love Of My Life - 972 Words

-Part One- The love of my life ,this story made me think about my own life of many things I could relate too. Questioning my actions, leading up to my present life . I can definitely relate having three kids all out of wedlock moreover being reckless with love. Gentlemen promising me love, understanding and help when I too became pregnant. Sadly though, I did not receive what I was led on to believe I would get. When in actuality , they unlike Jeremy abandoned me. Though I cannot relate to China, as to what she had Jeremy do, I m assuming it was fear, that made Jeremy dispose of it and moreover listen to her. How could you even call a precious baby an it? We all make mistakes in life and maybe yes, she thought it was a mistake getting pregnant but you just don’t kill an innocent child. Moreover It did not want to come into this life however was brought into this world by two young people that should of used better precautions. My attitude, towards the piece of literature led me to think this was going to be another love story of high school sweethearts moving on with life, having both been accepted to different schools. Furthermore as I kept reading I just couldn’t fathom how both could be so reckless with another human life. Jeremy is portrayed as not even acknowledging this baby as a human seeing it as a waste, wasted time taken away from his future, maybe his future with China. Never the less I found theShow MoreRelatedLove Of Sports : My Love For My Life1089 Words   |  5 Pagesalways played a key role in my life. Whether I am watching basketball or baseball games on television, traveling to different NFL stadiums with my dad to root on our favorite teams on their home fields, or coaching gymnastics at the gym I spent most of my childhood in, I love every single aspect about sports. My little sister and I grew up doing gymnastics together. If we weren’t at the gym practicing, we were at home playing around on the gymnastics equipment that my parents had bought us. FromRead MoreThe Love Of My Life1083 Words   |  5 PagesWhy are teenagers falling in love in their age? Is there a specific reason? Probably, there is not a definite reason. â€Å"The love of my life’’ is the one very knowledgeable article for early age relationship peers that represent a real social problem in modern society. Jeremy and china are main character that represent teenager’s role in this article. They have an immature love in each other because they have the physical relationship by looking movie and behavior from parents, however; they don’tRead MoreThe Love Of My Life1316 Words   |  6 Pages I lay awake on a freezing winters night. It was as cold as an arctic snowstorm, and as dark as a planet with no sun. My eyes were open as wide as a deerâ €™s in front of a moving vehicle. There was one thing on my mind, and one thing only, the love of my life. Her long silky hair, her smooth, tanned skin, her pristine beauty and her effervescent, god like personality were all I ever desired; She was as sweet as a honeycomb and as unique as a sparkling snowflake in a vast blizzard. Our relationshipRead MoreThe Love Of My Life983 Words   |  4 Pagesthis is â€Å"The Love of My Life† by T.C. Boyle which illustrates the theme of weather and its connection to love. Weather always have some sort of connection with humans’ emotion regardless the person’s situation. In â€Å"The Love of My Life† the main characters Jeremy and China show their love through moments of certain weather. Explicit and dangerous weather make a perfect scene for love and cuddle. Jeremy and China get into a lot of emotion with the intense weather. In â€Å"The Love of My Life† T.C. BoyleRead MoreMy Love For Soccer, My True Love : My Life829 Words   |  4 PagesThroughout the course of my life I have always been an athletic kid, I played various sports like tennis, swimming, boxing soccer and ballet. Out of these sports, which are all unique and amazing, Ive always been the most passionate for soccer. My parents saw my love for soccer and decided to take me out of all my other sports and allow me to focus on one; with their dedication as well as mine, I have become the player I am today. I have played soccer since I was about 5 years old until now, presentRead MoreThe Love of My Life Essay1493 Words   |  6 PagesLove conquers all. That’s what we hear over and over again growing up. Everyone longs for that one amazing person to waltz into our lives and steal our hearts for the rest of eternity, but is it possible that love will be strong enough to face any problem that gets in our way? T. Coraghessan Boyle once said â€Å"As strong as love might be, there is always something stronger that could come along and shatter it† (After). T. Coraghessan Boyle was born in 1948 as Thomas John Boyle in Peekskill, New YorkRead MoreMy Love Life Essay782 Words   |  4 Pageswas early in the morning; I was pulling myself together, throwing on my shoes and dragging my self over to galactica, making my way over to the last day of school. There I was saying goodbye to all of my friends, but this time it was a little different. There wasn’t that summer atmosphere in my heart, I was ten years old and everything I knew was just about to change and I didn’t even see it coming. Planet Blathnik was about to be my past, and I’d better buckle up cause I was about to board a trainRead MoreI Love My Life1967 Words   |  8 PagesPoole- I Love My Life Dora Poole PSY 202 CGA1149A Althea Artis Dora Poole- I Love My Life I have been through a lot in my forty eight years of life. Some of the experiences have been extremely positive and others leave much to be desired. The study of Adult development theories will allow me to analyze the past and help me to describe the journey my life has taken. The combined experiences have brought me to â€Å"Love my Life† today,Read MoreThe True Love Of My Life At The Time2022 Words   |  9 Pagesmajority of my free time is spent either watching or discussing television programs, and happily so. Many of my friendships have been formed after finding that the other person was a fan of shows I’d also enjoyed. This was not always the case, however. When I was very young, TV held little interest for me. Of course, I watched some of the standard children’s shows, but the true love of my life at the time was reading. According to my mother, I took it upon myself to teach myself to read after my teacherRead MoreThe Day That Changed My Life And Love Of Volleyball1529 Words   |  7 Pages Sunday February 28th, 2015. I remember that date, as if it happened yesterday. That was the day that changed my life and love of volleyball. This was the day I got severely injured during a volleyball tournament. The day had started and gone by painfully slow. Wherever I walked throughout North High School hallways you noticed volleyball bags, blankets, coolers, food and wrappers all stuffed into a small corner that a team redeemed as their spot. When I walked back into the muggy hot gym, I could

Wireless Communications Energy Harvesting â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Wireless Communications Energy Harvesting? Answer: Introducation Energy Harvesting is a process of deriving energy from external resources such as solar power, wind energy, kinetic energy and so on. High performance and energy efficient harvesting systems are being explored in order to overcome the limitation of energy associated with Wireless sensor networks (WSNs). The pervasive nature of wireless sensor network and its wide use in Internet of Things attracts a lot of attention. The successful implementation of various energy harvesting processes includes following a number of techniques such as RF, solar thermal and so on. combination wireless communication with sensing mainly regulates the growth of wireless sensor networks. Energy harvesting is necessary because, it is one of the primary problems faced by the WSNs. If the energy sensor node of WSN is depleted, it will not perform the its proper responsibility in network any longer, until and unless the source of the energy is replaced or some other energy harvesting process is incorporated in order to compensate for the void (Shaikh Zeadally, 2016). One of the most interesting concepts of energy harvesting is that, it allows the nodes of wireless devices to acquire energy continuously from mad made phenomenon or nature. One of the advantages of using energy harvest is that, it will ascertain a promising future in the field wireless networks on basis of self- sustainability and virtually perpetual operations. The techniques used in energy harvesting are anticipated to incorporate different changes of transformation in wireless networking and would possibly help in reducing the use of conventional energy (Ulukus et al., 2015). The energy source of wireless sensor nodes is generally a battery power. However, there are many problems associated with the batteries, which includes current leakages, battery break down and the limitation of the energy density of the batteries. Current leakage consumes electricity even if the battery is not in use. Therefore, the use of batteries as an energy source is of no use for wireless sensor nodes and applications that ranges from several months to years. Furthermore, in order to work uninterrupted, the sensor nodes requires an uninterrupted power supply, which the battery may not be able to supply and therefore, the need of energy harvesting is prominent in case of wireless sensor network. The different energy harvesting techniques are as follows (Shaikh Zeadally, 2016)- 1) Energy harvesting based on Radio Frequency - In this technique, the radio waves are converted into DC power and then harvested after conditioning. 2) Solar based energy harvesting- Solar energy is abundant in the environment, this can be used for impending the energy problems associated with Wireless sensor networks. 3) Thermal based Energy Harvesting- This process of harvesting deals with converting the heat energy into electrical energy by using Seebeck effect. 4) Flow based Energy Harvesting Technique- This techniques uses turbines and rotors for converting its rotational movement into electrical energy. 5) Wind based energy harvesting- In this technique, the wind energy is harvested to generate electricity. 6) Hydro based energy harvesting technique- in this technique, the energy of moving or falling water is used in order to harness energy. References Shaikh, F. K., Zeadally, S. (2016). Energy harvesting in wireless sensor marketing: A comprehensive review.Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,55, 1041-1054. Ulukus, S., Yener, A., Erkip, E., Simeone, O., Zorzi, M., Grover, P., business-law, K. (2015). Energy harvesting wireless communications: A review of recent advances.IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications,33(3), 360-381.

Why Children have Difficulty Learning to Read an Example by

Why Children have Difficulty Learning to Read Reading is an important part of our life and to many it seems to be a natural acquisition because the process has been very easy and successful. However, this is not so for many children and there are many reasons why some children are unable to read. These reasons could be the childs lack of exposure to books, is not being taught the basic phonetic skills or has a very low receptive level to phonics concepts or that the child might have some forms of speech, hearing or even learning problems such as dyslexia. Need essay sample on "Why Children have Difficulty Learning to Read" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Studies have shown that it is very important for a child to be exposed to books from a very young age, preferably from the time the child is born. Children who have bedtime or laptime activities conducted regularly and from an early age have been discovered to possess a higher level of vocabularies. Children who are not exposed to reading before they enter formal schools are found to be lacking in vocabularies, do not have syntactical and grammatical skills and are unable to relate the reading experience to their own prior experience. Such children will tend to lose out as reading is not a natural process, it has to be taught. So for those who have not been exposed to reading from young will eventually still face problems when they reach adulthood. The cycle of reading difficulties will continue because these parents will in turn not have the ability to teach their younger generation. As such, studies have found out that children from poor families or those who have parents who face reading disability or who have no time to read to their children will be lacking in reading skills. Young children need to be exposed to the sounds and thus to the phonetics of our language, so parents must make it a habit to read to them frequently. Parents can make use of teaching materials at home to teach young children how to differentiate the various letters and sounds. These activities will make the learning environment less stressful and more enjoyable. Children will be more willing to learn and the lessons can be more easily r etained their minds. In addition, children who can understand the sounds and meaning of the sounds will be stimulated to read more. Very often, children who are unable to understand the words cannot decode the meanings. After numerous attempts, they will feel exhausted and will eventually give up on learning to read effectively. When this happens, their academic studies will be affected as they cannot comprehend what is taught in the classroom. Therefore, early intervention to teach children how to read is very important. However, this gives rise to another problem as many school teachers are not competent in teaching these essential skills as they are not equipped with the necessary training and materials. Most of these reading teachers have to seek for workshops on their own to pick up such teaching reading skills. These children can only be properly equipped with the reading skills if the teachers are themselves given the proper training from the start before they start teaching. Such children will forever be stuck with the problem of having a low understanding level of the necessary phonic skills unless the parents and teachers are capable of teaching them. A final reason why children face reading difficulties is probably because they have certain speech or hearing difficulties or that they are dyslexia. Such children will need to consult the help of professionals who will be able to give parents the correct advice. For children who are dyslexia, they are not abnormal or have any leaning disability but it is just that they cannot tell the difference between sounds. They simply cannot recall how the sounds and letters are supposed to fit together and will probably take a longer time to learn to read. Some of these children have even been found to possess higher intelligence level than other children. In conclusion, there are many reasons why children have difficulty in learning to read but these problems can eventually be overcome if the parents and teachers are able to provide a conducive learning environment for the children. References G. Reid Lyon. (2000). Reading Disabilities: Why do some children have difficulty learning to read?. WGBH Educational Foundation. (2002). Misunderstood Minds. PBS Parents (2002 - 2007). A Primer on Dyslexia.l Why Children have Difficulty Learning to Read an Example by Why Children have Difficulty Learning to Read Reading is an important part of our life and to many it seems to be a natural acquisition because the process has been very easy and successful. However, this is not so for many children and there are many reasons why some children are unable to read. These reasons could be the childs lack of exposure to books, is not being taught the basic phonetic skills or has a very low receptive level to phonics concepts or that the child might have some forms of speech, hearing or even learning problems such as dyslexia. Need essay sample on "Why Children have Difficulty Learning to Read" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed Studies have shown that it is very important for a child to be exposed to books from a very young age, preferably from the time the child is born. Children who have bedtime or laptime activities conducted regularly and from an early age have been discovered to possess a higher level of vocabularies. Children who are not exposed to reading before they enter formal schools are found to be lacking in vocabularies, do not have syntactical and grammatical skills and are unable to relate the reading experience to their own prior experience. Students Often Tell EssayLab writers: Who wants to write paper for me? It Is Very Easy And Convenient To Buy Essays Online Such children will tend to lose out as reading is not a natural process, it has to be taught. So for those who have not been exposed to reading from young will eventually still face problems when they reach adulthood. The cycle of reading difficulties will continue because these parents will in turn not have the ability to teach their younger generation. As such, studies have found out that children from poor families or those who have parents who face reading disability or who have no time to read to their children will be lacking in reading skills. Young children need to be exposed to the sounds and thus to the phonetics of our language, so parents must make it a habit to read to them frequently. Parents can make use of teaching materials at home to teach young children how to differentiate the various letters and sounds. These activities will make the learning environment less stressful and more enjoyable. Children will be more willing to learn and the lessons can be more easily r etained their minds. In addition, children who can understand the sounds and meaning of the sounds will be stimulated to read more. Very often, children who are unable to understand the words cannot decode the meanings. After numerous attempts, they will feel exhausted and will eventually give up on learning to read effectively. When this happens, their academic studies will be affected as they cannot comprehend what is taught in the classroom. Therefore, early intervention to teach children how to read is very important. However, this gives rise to another problem as many school teachers are not competent in teaching these essential skills as they are not equipped with the necessary training and materials. Most of these reading teachers have to seek for workshops on their own to pick up such teaching reading skills. These children can only be properly equipped with the reading skills if the teachers are themselves given the proper training from the start before they start teaching. Such children will forever be stuck with the problem of having a low understanding level of the necessary phonic skills unless the parents and teachers are capable of teaching them. A final reason why children face reading difficulties is probably because they have certain speech or hearing difficulties or that they are dyslexia. Such children will need to consult the help of professionals who will be able to give parents the correct advice. For children who are dyslexia, they are not abnormal or have any leaning disability but it is just that they cannot tell the difference between sounds. They simply cannot recall how the sounds and letters are supposed to fit together and will probably take a longer time to learn to read. Some of these children have even been found to possess higher intelligence level than other children. In conclusion, there are many reasons why children have difficulty in learning to read but these problems can eventually be overcome if the parents and teachers are able to provide a conducive learning environment for the children. References G. Reid Lyon. (2000). Reading Disabilities: Why do some children have difficulty learning to read?. WGBH Educational Foundation. (2002). Misunderstood Minds. PBS Parents (2002 - 2007). A Primer on Dyslexia.

The Ancient World essays

The Ancient World essays The art of expression can be traced back to early time periods in which simple cave men spat paint upon the walls. Some would argue that modern art is sometimes no better; however, this archaic art form allows us to get a glimpse into our ancestors. The first period that left us hints into their world was the Paleolithic Period which lasted about from about 40,000-8,000 BC. Cave drawings are characteristic of the Paleolithic Period, also known as the Old Stone Age. Drawings found in Lascaux, France show exaggerated bulls superimposed upon one another to show supposed depth perception. Simple sculptures are also found from the Paleolithic period. The objects found are usually pregnant women with enlarged breasts and thighs, which were perhaps used for their magical qualities to ease childbirth. The next period, called the Neolithic, or New Stone Age, lasted from about 8000-2300 BC. Starting in the New Stone Age, man started to change earth to accompany him, which is seen at t he famous Stonehenge. This megalithic sculptures are the earliest of architecture and show the mysticism and knowledge the ancients possessed, for the stones are arranged in astronomical positions. The earliest view of civilization is seen in ancient Mesopotamia. Before even the Egyptians, the Sumerians ruled the world. The Sumerians, whom lived between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, benefited richly from the irrigated fields they created. The Sumerians were the first to use writings and make large buildings. Their writing, called cuneiform, was used to records contracts and track money, since Mesopotamia was such a booming metropolis at the time. The Sumerians also penned down their religion which gives us insight into ancient beliefs. Their temples, large stepped pyramids called ziggurats were often made of brick and were used as alters many times. [Editors note: I just rebooted my computer from locking up after losing about 150 words,...

Jake Drake Bully Buster Chapter Book About Bullying

Jake Drake Bully Buster Chapter Book About Bullying Jake Drake Bully Buster: Summary In Jake Drake Bully Buster, author Andrew Clements focuses on a problem too many kids have to cope with: bullies and bullying. What do you do if youre a bully-magnet? Thats Jakes problem in the chapter book Jake Drake Bully Buster. Fourth grader Jake Drake tells the story of how he went from being a bully-magnet starting in preschool to becoming a bully buster in second grade. Jakes experiences not only make an entertaining story for 7-10 year olds, they also provide a lot of food for thought. Why Jake Was a Bully-Magnet Jake begins his story with tales of all of the bullies who bullied him before second grade, starting when he was a 3-year-old and continuing through preschool, kindergarten and first grade. Jake figures he has these bully-magnet characteristics: Hes small but not so small that he doesnt represent a challenge, he doesn’t have an older brother or sister to defend him, he’s not the type to complain, and he looks â€Å"brainy.† Interestingly, these dont change as Jake goes from being a bully-magnet to a bully buster. Instead, Jakes experiences in second grade change him. Jake and the Grade A, SuperBully Jakes says he didn’t become a bully buster until second grade and then, only after â€Å"being picked on by a Certified, Grade A Super Bully.† Second grade starts out wonderfully. Jake likes his teacher, Mrs. Brattle. There are no bullies in his class, although he still has to watch out for bullies on the playground and in the lunchroom. However, when a new student, Link Baxter, whom Jakes quickly learns is â€Å"a Certified, Grade A Super Bully,† joins the class. Link continually picks on Jake at school and on the school bus. The first time it happens, Jake is so upset that when he gets home he bullies his little sister until his mother stops him, saying, â€Å"What’s gotten into you!?† Jake realizes that â€Å"It was Link. Link had gotten into me! I was being like Link. I had caught BULLYITIS!† When he apologizes to his little sister, she tell him that Link’s sister is in her class, and she is a bully like her brother. Jakes Attempts to End the Bullying Jake decides to try acting like Link’s bullying doesn’t bother him. When Link makes fun of him on the bus, Jake acts like it’s a joke. All day, Jake tries to act cook when Link bothers him, but this only makes Link bully him more. Finally, Link splashes water on Jake so it looks like Jake wet him pants and proceeds to mock him, â€Å"Wook, wook! Wittle Jakey had an accident!† Jake get very mad and can tell Link is pleased about that. Jake is so mad that he hits Link, who acts like he has a terrible injury. Link gets sent to the nurse’s office for ice and sympathy and Jake was sent to the principal’s office. Afterwards, when he and Link meet in the hallway, Jake asks Link why he bullies him and Link doesn’t have an answer. Jake decides, â€Å"†¦if I could figure out that reason – or if I could give him a reason NOT to be a bully – then Link Baxter, SuperBully, would become Link Baxter, Ex-SuperBully.† From Bad to Worse Leads to New Insights Things go from bad to worse when Jake’s teacher decides that everyone in the class has to work in pairs on a Thanksgiving project, and she assigns Jake and Link to work together. Their assignment is to do a project about how Native Americans lived. Jake is appalled, but Link thinks it’s funny and tells Jake that he’s going to have to do all the work. Jake prepares the report but keeps hoping Link will help so they have something to show the class. When the day before the project is due Link tells Jake to do that also, Jake is so mad that he refuses. Link tells him to come over to his house after school so they can make something. At Link’s house, Jake learns two surprising things about Link: Link is skilled at creating models and dioramas and his older sister bullies him. He also learns that when Link is involved in model making, it’s like he’s one of the kids instead of a SuperBully. In fact, according to Jake, â€Å"When he forgot I was there, he had a different face from his bully face, Not mean. Almost nice.† The visit to Link’s house gives Jake a lot to think about, but he’s still not sure how to make Link stop bullying him. Everything Changes With Jakes Good Choices Everything changes again when it is time for Jake and Link to give their project report. Jake finds out that Link has stage fright about doing the presentation. Rather than pay Link back for all Link has done to Jake by humiliating Link in front of his classmates, Jake covers for him. He tells Link he will give the report and Link can point out things in the diorama he made. Their project is a big success, but the best outcome is that Link no longer bullies Jake and Jake realizes that by getting to know the real person â€Å"behind those mean eyes and that bully-face,† he can be a bully buster rather than a bully-magnet. Throughout the book, Jake reacts to the bullying in different ways, not all of them appropriate. He quickly learns that bullying others, being mean, and hitting the bully are all not the responses he wants to, or should, make. As time passes and he learns more and more about the bully, Jake begins to make better decisions: standing up to Link and refusing to finish the project by himself, covering for Link when it’s time for their presentation and acknowledging Link’s model-building skills in front of the class. Its the fact that Jake is essentially a good kid who is willing to take the time and thought to look beyond the bully-face to the person within that enables him to become a bully buster. Jake Drake Bully Buster: Guide Recommendation I recommend Jake Drake Bully Buster for independent readers in grades 2-4. It is also an excellent classroom or family read aloud. At under 90 pages, it is a quick and enjoyable read, but it also has some substance and can easily and effectively be used as a bullying discussion prompt. The Jake Drake series includes a total of four books about the fourth graders experiences st school, and I recommend them all. (Atheneum Books for Young Readers, Simon Schuster, 2007 reprint edition. ISBN: 9781416939337) Additional Resources About Bullies and Bullying From About.com Dr. Vincent Iannelli, the About.com Pediatrics Expert, provides statistics about bullying and some of the signs of bullying parents should look for in his article Bullying and Bullies. For information about cyberbullying, see A Parents Guide to Cyberbullying. For picture books about bullies and bullying, see my reviews of Each Kindness, Oliver Button Is a Sissy and The Bully Blockers Club. For a list of books about bullying for older kids, see Bullies and Bullying in Books for Kids to Teens.

Introduction of the role of CSR in oil industry , focusing on British Term Paper

Introduction of the role of CSR in oil industry , focusing on British petroleum - Term Paper Example Oil firms generate a lot of controversy through environmental damage, and therefore, CSR is one of the key approaches to managing negative perceptions of oil firms and the oil industry. British petroleum firms have accepted that the public views them with suspicion and scepticism, so the best way to change this is to use CSR. British petroleum firms like Royal Dutch Shell and British Petroleum PLC have managed to significantly enhance their brand image by sponsoring community programs and actively participating in community benefit activities. According to Frynas (2009:34), the two companies spend a significant share of their profits on improving lives in communities across the world. They have especially been active in academics, providing annual scholarships to bright and needy students who are often hired by the companies later. These are just some of the CSR activities a select few of British petroleum firms engage in. So far, results show that efforts are effective, helping to cultivate trust and good perception of the